Análisis microbiológico de muestras obtenidas en conductos radiculares de piezas necróticas posterior a las fases de: instrumentación biomecánica y luego de la acción del hidróxido de calcio.
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2019-04
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología.
Resumen
La patología pulpar y periapical, se desarrolla inicialmente como una inflamación de tejidos (pulpitis) ocasionada por la invasión de microorganismos en los conductos radiculares, produciendo luego la necrosis pulpar que a largo plazo originan lesiones a nivel perirradicular. La siguiente investigación tiene como objetivo identificar las especies bacterianas que presentan resistencia a las fases de preparación mecánico-química; así como a la medicación entre sesiones. Para ello, se procedió a la recopilación de muestras en piezas dentales necróticas con diagnóstico de Periodontitis Apical Crónica, cuyo tratamiento se realizó por alumnos de la Facultad Piloto de Odontología dentro de la Clínica Integral del Adulto y Adulto Mayor. Dichas muestras, fueron enviadas al laboratorio donde realizaron el cultivo e identificación de las especies bacterianas presentes en cada una de ellas. De los resultados obtenidos al finalizar la conformación y limpieza del sistema de conductos, el 50% de los cultivos resultaron negativos y un 50% positivos, en los cuales se identificaron bacterias como Bacillus megaterium y Acinetobacter baumannii. De las muestras tomadas al retirar la medicación intraconducto luego de su acción antiséptica durante 7 días, el 50% de los cultivos resultaron negativas, mientras el 50% restante fueron positivas para presencia de bacterias del género Staphylococcus: Staphylococcus haemolyticus y Staphylococcus hominis respectivamente. En base a los resultados obtenidos concluimos que, la eliminación total de las bacterias presentes en el sistema de conductos de piezas necróticas es un objetivo extremadamente difícil de conseguir, pero obtenible siguiendo estrictamente los protocolos establecidos durante todo el tratamiento endodóntico.
The pulpal and periapical pathology develops initially as an inflammation of tissues (pulpitis) caused by the invasion of microorganisms in the root canals, producing pulp necrosis that causes lesions at the periradicular level in the long term. The following research aims to identify the bacterial species that show resistance to the mechanical-chemical preparation phases; as well as medication between sessions. For this, we proceeded to the collection of samples in necrotic dental pieces with a diagnosis of Chronic Apical Periodontitis, whose treatment was carried out by students of the Dental School of Dentistry within the Integral Clinic of the Adult and Elderly. Said samples were sent to the laboratory where they carried out the cultivation and identification of the bacterial species present in each one of them. From the results obtained at the end of the conformation and cleaning of the duct system, 50% of the cultures were negative and 50% positive, in which bacteria such as Bacillus megaterium and Acinetobacter baumannii were identified. Of the samples taken when removing the intraconduct medication after its antiseptic action for 7 days, 50% of the cultures were negative, while the remaining 50% were positive for the presence of Staphylococcus bacteria: Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Staphylococcus hominis respectively. Based on the results obtained, we conclude that the total elimination of the bacteria present in the system of necrotic pieces conduits is an extremely difficult objective to achieve, but obtainable strictly following the established protocols throughout the endodontic treatment.
The pulpal and periapical pathology develops initially as an inflammation of tissues (pulpitis) caused by the invasion of microorganisms in the root canals, producing pulp necrosis that causes lesions at the periradicular level in the long term. The following research aims to identify the bacterial species that show resistance to the mechanical-chemical preparation phases; as well as medication between sessions. For this, we proceeded to the collection of samples in necrotic dental pieces with a diagnosis of Chronic Apical Periodontitis, whose treatment was carried out by students of the Dental School of Dentistry within the Integral Clinic of the Adult and Elderly. Said samples were sent to the laboratory where they carried out the cultivation and identification of the bacterial species present in each one of them. From the results obtained at the end of the conformation and cleaning of the duct system, 50% of the cultures were negative and 50% positive, in which bacteria such as Bacillus megaterium and Acinetobacter baumannii were identified. Of the samples taken when removing the intraconduct medication after its antiseptic action for 7 days, 50% of the cultures were negative, while the remaining 50% were positive for the presence of Staphylococcus bacteria: Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Staphylococcus hominis respectively. Based on the results obtained, we conclude that the total elimination of the bacteria present in the system of necrotic pieces conduits is an extremely difficult objective to achieve, but obtainable strictly following the established protocols throughout the endodontic treatment.
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RESISTENCIA BACTERIANA A ANTIBIOTICOS, TRATAMIENTO DEL CONDUCTO RADICULAR - INSTRUMENTACION, ENDODONCIA