CARACTERIZACION EPIDEMIOLOGICA EN PACIENTES CON TUBERCULOSIS PULMONAR
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2019
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
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Objetivo: Analizar las características epidemiológicas en pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar del Centro de Salud Francisco de Orellana durante el periodo 2016-2018. Metodología: Estudio observacional, de enfoque cuantitativo, analítico, retrospectivo y de corte transversal, que incluyó a 125 pacientes durante el periodo del 1 de enero del 2016 al 31 de diciembre del 2018. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva, inferencial y el software estadístico SPSS versión 21 para el procesamiento estadístico. Resultados: La prevalencia de la tuberculosis en el Centro de Salud Francisco de Orellana durante el año 2016 al 2018 es del 4%. El sexo masculino representó el 62% y los adultos medios (41-60 años) fueron los más afectado con el 66%. La tos productiva, expectoración y la astenia fueron los síntomas principales de la enfermedad (100%). El 79% (99) de la población tenía factores de riesgo asociados, los más frecuentes fueron la presencia de comorbilidades (54%) y el tabaquismo (38%). Un total de 6 pacientes presentaron complicaciones (5%), siendo el derrame pleural (50%) la frecuente. Conclusiones: Se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre las complicaciones y la presencia de factores de riesgo (p=0,0001).
Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis at the Francisco de Orellana Health Center during the 2016-2018 period. Methodology: Observational study, with a quantitative, analytical, retrospective and cross-sectional approach, which included 125 patients during the period from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2018. Descriptive, inferential statistics and statistical software SPSS version were used. 21 for statistical processing. Results: The prevalence of tuberculosis in the Francisco de Orellana Health Center during the year 2016 to 2018 is 4%. The male sex represented 62% and the average adults (41-60 years) were the most affected with 66%. Productive cough, expectoration and asthenia were the main symptoms of the disease (100%). 79% (99) of the population had associated risk factors, the most frequent were the presence of comorbidities (54%) and smoking (38%). A total of 6 patients presented complications (5%), being the pleural effusion (50%) frequent. Conclusions: A statistically significant association was found between the complications and the presence of risk factors (p = 0.0001).
Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis at the Francisco de Orellana Health Center during the 2016-2018 period. Methodology: Observational study, with a quantitative, analytical, retrospective and cross-sectional approach, which included 125 patients during the period from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2018. Descriptive, inferential statistics and statistical software SPSS version were used. 21 for statistical processing. Results: The prevalence of tuberculosis in the Francisco de Orellana Health Center during the year 2016 to 2018 is 4%. The male sex represented 62% and the average adults (41-60 years) were the most affected with 66%. Productive cough, expectoration and asthenia were the main symptoms of the disease (100%). 79% (99) of the population had associated risk factors, the most frequent were the presence of comorbidities (54%) and smoking (38%). A total of 6 patients presented complications (5%), being the pleural effusion (50%) frequent. Conclusions: A statistically significant association was found between the complications and the presence of risk factors (p = 0.0001).
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TUBERCULOSIS PULMONAR ', COMPLICACIONES, EPIDEMIOLOGIA, FACTORES DE RIESGO, ESTUDIO CUANTITATIVO, CENTRO DE SALUD FRANCISCO DE ORELLANA, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR