Factores de riesgo en pacientes con cáncer oral.
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2019-09-12
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
El cáncer oral es una enfermedad multifactorial que se puede desarrollar en cualquier parte del organismo y en la actualidad las cifras y estadísticas nacionales e internacionales manifiestan un incremento del mismo. Nuestra investigación tuvo como objetivo principal Identificar los factores de riesgo presentes en pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer oral en el hospital SOLCA Guayaquil en los años 2016 y 2017. Mediante un diseño y tipo de investigación: descriptiva, retrospectiva, transversal y observacional. Se obtuvo una población y muestra 123 pacientes tomado de la base de datos del hospital solca de los pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer oral en los años 2016 y 2017. Se utilizó una revisión sistemática computarizada de la información recogida en las H.C, utilizando la misma como método, técnicas e instrumentos para la recopilación de información. Arrojando como resultados de nuestro estudio que el nivel de instrucción es un factor predisponente a la aparición del cáncer oral no así la ocupación pues existieron valores porcentuales similares en todos los grupos de esta categoría. El consumo de tabaco y el alcohol mostraron los mayores porcentajes en lo pacientes con cáncer oral siendo el sexo masculino el más afectado en nuestro estudio en los periodos 2016 – 2017. Las enfermedades sistémicas mostraron valores porcentuales bajos en los pacientes con cáncer oral en nuestro estudio. Pudiendo concluir que los factores de riesgo que más incidieron en los pacientes con cáncer oral en los periodos 2016 – 2017 fueron los hábitos tóxicos, siendo el género y el grupo etario otros de los factores determinantes en la presencia de cáncer oral.
Oral cancer is a multifactorial disease that can develop in any part of the body and today the figures and national and international statistics show an increase of the same. Our research had as main objective identify risk factors present in patients diagnosed with oral cancer at the hospital SOLCA Guayaquil in 2016 and 2017 years. Through a design and research: descriptive, retrospective, observational and transversal. He was obtained a population and shows 123 patients taken from the database of the hospital solca of patients diagnosed with oral cancer in 2016 and 2017 years. We used a computerized systematic review of the information collected on the H.C, using the same method, techniques and instruments for the collection of information. Throwing as results from our study that the level of instruction is a predisposing factor to the development of oral cancer not occupation as existed similar percentage values in all groups in this category. The consumption of tobacco and alcohol showed the highest percentages in the patients with oral cancer being male the most affected in our study during 2016-2017. Systemic diseases showed low percentage values in patients with oral cancer in our study. You can conclude that the risk factors most affecting in the patients with oral cancer during 2016-2017 were toxic habits, being gender and age group other determining factors in the presence of oral cancer.
Oral cancer is a multifactorial disease that can develop in any part of the body and today the figures and national and international statistics show an increase of the same. Our research had as main objective identify risk factors present in patients diagnosed with oral cancer at the hospital SOLCA Guayaquil in 2016 and 2017 years. Through a design and research: descriptive, retrospective, observational and transversal. He was obtained a population and shows 123 patients taken from the database of the hospital solca of patients diagnosed with oral cancer in 2016 and 2017 years. We used a computerized systematic review of the information collected on the H.C, using the same method, techniques and instruments for the collection of information. Throwing as results from our study that the level of instruction is a predisposing factor to the development of oral cancer not occupation as existed similar percentage values in all groups in this category. The consumption of tobacco and alcohol showed the highest percentages in the patients with oral cancer being male the most affected in our study during 2016-2017. Systemic diseases showed low percentage values in patients with oral cancer in our study. You can conclude that the risk factors most affecting in the patients with oral cancer during 2016-2017 were toxic habits, being gender and age group other determining factors in the presence of oral cancer.
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Palabras clave
TABAQUISMO, CANCER BUCAL, FACTORES DE RIESGO