Terapia antibiótica en infecciones odontogénicas en niños y adolescentes
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2019-09
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
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Las infecciones odontogénicas son las patologías que con mayor frecuencia se presentan en los niños y adolescentes, su progresión afecta las estructuras de las piezas dentarias y el periodonto, estas infecciones se desarrollan por el desequilibro de flora natural de cavidad bucal. Es una de las causas más relevantes de consulta en la práctica odontológica, estas patologías afectan a individuos en todas las edades y son las responsables de las prescripciones de antibióticos en el área de la odontología. El objetivo fue determinar el tipo de terapia antibiótica a utilizar en infecciones odontogénicas en niños y adolescentes, se realizó un trabajo bibliográfico en el cual se revisaron publicaciones, artículos indexados y publicados en idioma español, los cuales cuentan con resultados utilizables en la investigación sobre tratamiento antibiótico en niños y adolescentes. Luego del análisis de los resultados se concluye que el antibiótico más frecuentemente utilizado por los odontólogos al momento de tratar infecciones odontogénicas en niños y adolescentes es la amoxicilina, el principal factor de riego que se debe tener presente si se desea evitar la aparición de infecciones odontogénicas, es la higiene del paciente. Se recomienda que en todo paciente pediátrico y adolescente que acude a consulta, se le brinde educación de higiene oral tanto al paciente como al padre o cuidador, de manera que se continúe con la misma en el hogar, ya que la mala higiene o la falta de la misma propician la aparición de infecciones odontogénicas.
Odontogenic infections are the pathologies that most often occur in children and adolescents, its progression affects the structures of the teeth and the periodontium, and these infections are developed by the imbalance of natural flora of the oral cavity. It is one of the most relevant causes of consultation in dental practice, these pathologies affect individuals at all ages and are responsible for the prescriptions of antibiotics in the area of dentistry. The objective was to determine the type of antibiotic therapy to be used in odontogenic infections in children and adolescents, a bibliographic work was carried out in which publications, articles indexed and published in Spanish were reviewed, which have results that can be used in research on antibiotic treatment in children and adolescents. After the analysis of the results, it is concluded that the antibiotic most frequently used by dentists when treating odontogenic infections in children and adolescents is amoxicillin, the main risk factor that must be kept in mind if it is desired to avoid the appearance of odontogenic infections, is the hygiene of the patient. It is recommended that in all pediatric and adolescent patients who come to the clinic, oral hygiene education be provided to both the patient and the parent or caregiver, so that it is continued at home, since poor hygiene or lack of of the same cause the appearance of odontogenic infections.
Odontogenic infections are the pathologies that most often occur in children and adolescents, its progression affects the structures of the teeth and the periodontium, and these infections are developed by the imbalance of natural flora of the oral cavity. It is one of the most relevant causes of consultation in dental practice, these pathologies affect individuals at all ages and are responsible for the prescriptions of antibiotics in the area of dentistry. The objective was to determine the type of antibiotic therapy to be used in odontogenic infections in children and adolescents, a bibliographic work was carried out in which publications, articles indexed and published in Spanish were reviewed, which have results that can be used in research on antibiotic treatment in children and adolescents. After the analysis of the results, it is concluded that the antibiotic most frequently used by dentists when treating odontogenic infections in children and adolescents is amoxicillin, the main risk factor that must be kept in mind if it is desired to avoid the appearance of odontogenic infections, is the hygiene of the patient. It is recommended that in all pediatric and adolescent patients who come to the clinic, oral hygiene education be provided to both the patient and the parent or caregiver, so that it is continued at home, since poor hygiene or lack of of the same cause the appearance of odontogenic infections.
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ANTIBIOTICOS, INFECCION ODONTOGENICA, DIENTE, BACTERIA