Analisis de las filtraciones y la reduccion de sus efectos mediante el diseño de una pantalla de mezcla de cemento y bentonita en un dique cimentado sobre suelo alivio volcánico
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
2011-11-01
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil Facultad de Matematicas y Fisicas
Resumen
Esta Tesis de Grado pretende mostrar el Análisis Hidrogeotécnico (Hidráulica
de Suelos) de una pantalla plástica de cemento y bentonita en un tramo de un
Dique, para reducir el efecto de las filtraciones (“Impermeabilización”) en la
cimentación constituida por un suelo aluvial‐volcánico; análisis que se
fundamenta en la Hidrología superficial y subterránea, la Geología, en la
Mecánica de Fluidos en un medio poroso y la aplicación del Método de los
Elementos Finitos, mediante la utilización de software para la modelación de
las filtraciones y la determinación de las presiones de agua.
El término Pantalla en general se aplica en los métodos para impermeabilizar
o consolidar las rocas o los suelos.
El término Pantalla, que será usado en esta Tesis, se refiere a cualquier tipo de
estructura que proporciona una reducción del flujo de agua a través de la
cimentación y se evalúa su efectividad refiriéndola al Factor de Seguridad
contra Falla hidráulica del suelo, considerado en la Norma alemana DIN OLD
1054.
Esta Tesis trata además de los problemas del control de filtraciones no
controladas que ocurren en presas y diques, construidos sobre depósitos o
formaciones aluvio‐volcánicas, mostrando también una metodología práctica y
efectiva para el análisis y estudio de dichas filtraciones, que se basa
esencialmente en la identificación de las vías preferenciales de flujo y que
puede ser aplicable en el diseño de este tipo de obras.
Se pretende también que este trabajo sirva de herramienta a los estudiantes e
ingenieros jóvenes para un análisis sistemático de los problemas de filtración
en los suelos y la utilización de software versátiles de ingeniería para la
resolución de estos problemas en el diseño u operación de obras hidráulicas.
5
Debo advertir que a lo largo de este texto, se resume las experiencias del autor
en cuánto a los problemas de filtraciones no controladas, así como la
participación en los estudios Hidrogeotécnicos, que se han llevado a cabo en
los diferentes sitios de afloramientos de agua en el Dique de la Divisoria de la
Presa Daule‐Peripa.
Los resultados de esta Tesis brindarán una información poco conocida de la
Hidráulica de los Suelos aluviales y volcánicos que rellenan la zona Central
Norte de la Costa Ecuatoriana. Contiene también un breve análisis de los
estudios que deben llevarse a cabo en el campo, laboratorio y oficina, los datos
preliminares necesarios para la evaluación del problema, los criterios para la
selección de las alternativas más adecuadas, y los instrumentos a disposición
del ingeniero para evaluar el desempeño de la estabilidad de las Obras Hidráulicas, así como la efectividad de la Pantalla Construida
This Thesis aims to show Hidrogeotécnico Analysis (Hydraulics Soil) of a plastic screen cement and bentonite in a section of a Dyke, to reduce the effect of the leaks ("Waterproofing") in the foundation soil consists of alluvial-volcanic; analysis that based on surface and groundwater hydrology, geology, in the Fluid Mechanics in a porous medium and the application of the method of Finite Element using modeling software leaks and determining water pressures. Screen the term generally applied to methods for waterproofing or consolidate the rocks or soils. The term screen, which will be used in this thesis, refers to any type of structure that provides a reduction in water flow through the foundation and its effectiveness is evaluated by referring it to the Security Factor against soil hydraulic failure, considered in the German Standard DIN OLD 1054. This thesis is in addition to the problems of no seepage control controlled occurring in dams and dykes, built on deposits or alluvial and volcanic formations, showing also a practical and effective for the analysis and study of these leaks, which is based identifying essentially preferential flow pathways and may be applicable in the design of this type of work. It is intended that this work will serve as a tool to students and young engineers for a systematic analysis of the problems of filtration in soils and versatile use of engineering software for resolution of these problems in the design or operation of hydraulic works. 5 I should note that throughout this text, the author summarizes experiences on how to uncontrolled leakage problems and the Hidrogeotécnicos participation in studies that were conducted in outcrops different water sites in the dam of the Divide Duale-Peripa Dam. The results of this thesis will provide a little-known information Hydraulics of alluvial and volcanic soils that fill the central area Ecuadorian Coast North. It also contains a brief analysis of the studies to be carried out in the field, laboratory and office, data needed for preliminary assessment of the problem, the criteria for selection of the most suitable alternatives, and the instruments available engineer to evaluate the performance of the stability of the Works Hydraulic as well as the effectiveness of the screen Constructed
This Thesis aims to show Hidrogeotécnico Analysis (Hydraulics Soil) of a plastic screen cement and bentonite in a section of a Dyke, to reduce the effect of the leaks ("Waterproofing") in the foundation soil consists of alluvial-volcanic; analysis that based on surface and groundwater hydrology, geology, in the Fluid Mechanics in a porous medium and the application of the method of Finite Element using modeling software leaks and determining water pressures. Screen the term generally applied to methods for waterproofing or consolidate the rocks or soils. The term screen, which will be used in this thesis, refers to any type of structure that provides a reduction in water flow through the foundation and its effectiveness is evaluated by referring it to the Security Factor against soil hydraulic failure, considered in the German Standard DIN OLD 1054. This thesis is in addition to the problems of no seepage control controlled occurring in dams and dykes, built on deposits or alluvial and volcanic formations, showing also a practical and effective for the analysis and study of these leaks, which is based identifying essentially preferential flow pathways and may be applicable in the design of this type of work. It is intended that this work will serve as a tool to students and young engineers for a systematic analysis of the problems of filtration in soils and versatile use of engineering software for resolution of these problems in the design or operation of hydraulic works. 5 I should note that throughout this text, the author summarizes experiences on how to uncontrolled leakage problems and the Hidrogeotécnicos participation in studies that were conducted in outcrops different water sites in the dam of the Divide Duale-Peripa Dam. The results of this thesis will provide a little-known information Hydraulics of alluvial and volcanic soils that fill the central area Ecuadorian Coast North. It also contains a brief analysis of the studies to be carried out in the field, laboratory and office, data needed for preliminary assessment of the problem, the criteria for selection of the most suitable alternatives, and the instruments available engineer to evaluate the performance of the stability of the Works Hydraulic as well as the effectiveness of the screen Constructed
Descripción
Palabras clave
HIDRAULICA, SUELO ALUVIAL VOLCANICO, PANTALLA, FILTRACION