Caracterización morfológica y físico químico del caimito Chrysophyllum cainito L. , en la Estación Experimental Litoral Sur del INIAP.
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2020-10
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
El caimito es un árbol tropical, que pertenece a la familia de las sapotáceas, contiene grandes beneficios nutricionales y medicinales, por lo general se consume como fruta fresca y en la actualidad se encuentra distribuido en gran parte del continente americano e incluso en Europa y Asia. El presente trabajo de investigación se realizó enel
programa de fruticultura del Instituto Nacional Investigaciones Agropecuaria. Tuvo como objetivo determinar las características Fenotípicas de una colección ex situ de caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito L.). Para la caracterización, se seleccionaron 30 accesiones y se
evaluaron 17 variables (8 cuantitativas y 9 cualitativas), con 10 repeticiones por cada accesión. El análisis los datos cualitativos se realizó mediante un análisis de frecuencia y las variables cuantitativas se realizaron a través de un análisis descriptivo. Se determinaron que las variables con mayor relevancia fueron; el diámetro de la copa del
árbol con cv=20.08%, siendo una de las características importantes que contribuye a la producción del árbol. El fruto presento un cv= 33,81% y un rango del 49,82 al 194,04 g y el número de semilla con cv= 23,44% y un rango de 1,00 y 2,40 semillas por fruto. Mediante la caracterización morfológica de los frutos, se reflejó con mayor constancia los frutos redondos y en menor escala los frutos achatados, además se observó la presencia de dos tipos de razas: la variedad morada y la variedad verde.
The caimito is a tropical tree, which belongs to the sapotáceas family, it contains great nutritional and medicinal benefits,is usually consumed as a fresh fruit in a large part of the American continent and even in Europe and Asia. This research work was in the fruit culture program of the National Institute of Agricultural Research. Its was to determine the phenotypical characteristics of an ex situ collection of caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito L.). the characterization, 30 accessions were selected and 19 variables were (9 quantitative and 10 qualitative), with 10 repetitions accession. The analysis of the qualitative data was a frequency analysis and the quantitative variables through a descriptive analysis. It was determined that the variables with greater relevance diameter of the tree's crown with cv=20.08%, being one of the important characteristics that contributes to the production of the tree. The fruit presented a cv= 33.81% and a range of 49.82 to 194.04 g and the number of seeds with cv= 23.44% and a range of 1.00 and 2.40 seeds per fruit. The fruit presented a cv= 33.81% and a range 49.82 to 194.04 g, the number of seeds with cv= 23.44% and a range per fruit. By means of the morphological characterization of the fruits, the round fruits were reflected with greater constancy and in smaller scale the flattened fruits.
The caimito is a tropical tree, which belongs to the sapotáceas family, it contains great nutritional and medicinal benefits,is usually consumed as a fresh fruit in a large part of the American continent and even in Europe and Asia. This research work was in the fruit culture program of the National Institute of Agricultural Research. Its was to determine the phenotypical characteristics of an ex situ collection of caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito L.). the characterization, 30 accessions were selected and 19 variables were (9 quantitative and 10 qualitative), with 10 repetitions accession. The analysis of the qualitative data was a frequency analysis and the quantitative variables through a descriptive analysis. It was determined that the variables with greater relevance diameter of the tree's crown with cv=20.08%, being one of the important characteristics that contributes to the production of the tree. The fruit presented a cv= 33.81% and a range of 49.82 to 194.04 g and the number of seeds with cv= 23.44% and a range of 1.00 and 2.40 seeds per fruit. The fruit presented a cv= 33.81% and a range 49.82 to 194.04 g, the number of seeds with cv= 23.44% and a range per fruit. By means of the morphological characterization of the fruits, the round fruits were reflected with greater constancy and in smaller scale the flattened fruits.
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FENOTÍPICA, CAIMITO, EX SITU, CARACTERIZACIÓN