Complicaciones y factores de riesgo del pie diabético
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2020
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
El pie diabético es considerado una de las complicaciones crónicas más devastadoras, caracterizada por un ulcera asociada a enfermedad arterial periférica o neuropatía periférica.
El presente estudio tiene como objetivo Determinar las complicaciones y factores de riesgo que contribuyen a la formación del pie diabético en pacientes del Hospital Provincial Martin Icaza, mediante observación indirecta, tiene un enfoque cuantitativo, un diseño no experimental, de corte transversal, con un método retrospectivo, descriptivo y analítico.
Se concluyó que los factores de riesgo más frecuente son edad mayor a 45 años, antecedentes familiares de diabetes, tabaquismo y sedentarismo como un factor de riesgo importante en el desarrollo de complicaciones de esta patología y una evolución mayor a 5 años con diabetes mellitus ligada a la no adherencia al tratamiento son factores de mal pronóstico.
La complicación más frecuente en este grupo de pacientes estudiados es la ulcera infectada resistente a tratamiento, sin embargo, es importante mencionar a la amputación como la segunda complicación más frecuente en estos pacientes
The diabetic foot is considered one of the most devastating chronic complications, characterized by an ulcer associated with peripheral arterial disease or peripheral neuropathy. The present study aims to determine the complications and risk factors that contribute to the formation of the diabetic foot in patients of the Hospital Provincial Martin Icaza, through indirect observation, has a quantitative approach, a non-experimental design, cross-section, with a method retrospective, descriptive and analytical. It was concluded that the most frequent risk factors are age over 45 years, family history of diabetes, smoking and sedentary lifestyle as an important risk factor in the development of complications of this pathology and an evolution greater than 5 years with diabetes mellitus linked to non-adherence to treatment are poor prognostic factors. The most frequent complication in this group of patients studied is an infected ulcer resistant to treatment; however, it is important to mention amputation as the second most frequent complication in these patients.
The diabetic foot is considered one of the most devastating chronic complications, characterized by an ulcer associated with peripheral arterial disease or peripheral neuropathy. The present study aims to determine the complications and risk factors that contribute to the formation of the diabetic foot in patients of the Hospital Provincial Martin Icaza, through indirect observation, has a quantitative approach, a non-experimental design, cross-section, with a method retrospective, descriptive and analytical. It was concluded that the most frequent risk factors are age over 45 years, family history of diabetes, smoking and sedentary lifestyle as an important risk factor in the development of complications of this pathology and an evolution greater than 5 years with diabetes mellitus linked to non-adherence to treatment are poor prognostic factors. The most frequent complication in this group of patients studied is an infected ulcer resistant to treatment; however, it is important to mention amputation as the second most frequent complication in these patients.
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DIABETES, PIE DIABETICO, COMPLICACIONES, FACTORES DE RIESGO, ESTUDIOS RETROSPECTIVOS, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, HOSPITAL GENERAL MARTIN ICAZA, CANTON BABAHOYO, ECUADOR