Determinación de actividad antimicrobiana en extractos de hojas de guayaba (Psidium guajava L) frente a Escherichia coli y Staphylococcus aureus.
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2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
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En el presente estudio se investigó la posible actividad antibacteriana de extractos de hojas de la especie Psidium guajava L y el efecto de la composición del solvente en la eficiencia de dicha actividad. Con este objetivo, se determinó el efecto antibacteriano de tres extractos (alcohólico, hidroalcohólico y acuoso) de hojas de guayaba a concentraciones de 15 y 30 mg/ml, frente a cepas de Escherichia coli ATCC 11229 y Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538. Los extractos fueron llevados a las instalaciones del laboratorio Lazo de la Ciudad de Guayaquil, donde se realizaron los análisis por el método de Kirby y Bauer, prueba que permitió medir la susceptibilidad in vitro de las bacterias patógenas. Se realizaron mínimo 12 ensayos por cada concentración de extracto, la lectura de los resultados se hizo midiendo el diámetro en mm de los halos de inhibición. La cepa de S. aureus obtuvo una mayor susceptibilidad bacteriana, llegando a 25,5 mm en el extracto hidroalcohólico a una concentración de 30 mg/ml en comparación con la cepa de E. coli que a la misma concentración y extracto llega a 20,3 mm. Los extractos alcohólicos y acuosos de 15 mg/ml y 30 mg/ml presentaron una susceptibilidad bacteriana menor que el extracto hidroalcohólico para las dos cepas bacterianas.
The present study investigated the possible antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Psidium guajava L. and the effect of solvent composition on the efficiency of such activity. With this objective, the antibacterial effect of three extracts (alcoholic, hydroalcoholic and aqueous) of guava leaves was determined at concentrations of 15 and 30 mg/ml, against strains of Escherichia coli ATCC 11229 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538. The extracts were taken to the Lazo laboratory in the city of Guayaquil, where the Kirby and Bauer method was used to measure the in vitro susceptibility of the pathogenic bacteria. A minimum of 12 tests were carried out for each concentration of extract, the results were read by measuring the diameter in mm of the inhibition halos. The S. aureus strain obtained a higher bacterial susceptibility, reaching 25.5 mm in the hydroalcoholic extract at a concentration of 30 mg/ml compared to the E. coli strain that at the same concentration and extract reaches 20.3 mm. The alcoholic and aqueous extracts of 15 mg/ml and 30 mg/ml showed lower bacterial susceptibility than the hydroalcoholic extract for the two bacterial strains.
The present study investigated the possible antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Psidium guajava L. and the effect of solvent composition on the efficiency of such activity. With this objective, the antibacterial effect of three extracts (alcoholic, hydroalcoholic and aqueous) of guava leaves was determined at concentrations of 15 and 30 mg/ml, against strains of Escherichia coli ATCC 11229 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538. The extracts were taken to the Lazo laboratory in the city of Guayaquil, where the Kirby and Bauer method was used to measure the in vitro susceptibility of the pathogenic bacteria. A minimum of 12 tests were carried out for each concentration of extract, the results were read by measuring the diameter in mm of the inhibition halos. The S. aureus strain obtained a higher bacterial susceptibility, reaching 25.5 mm in the hydroalcoholic extract at a concentration of 30 mg/ml compared to the E. coli strain that at the same concentration and extract reaches 20.3 mm. The alcoholic and aqueous extracts of 15 mg/ml and 30 mg/ml showed lower bacterial susceptibility than the hydroalcoholic extract for the two bacterial strains.
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PSIDIUM GUAJAVA, ESCHERICHIA COLI, STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS, ACTIVIDAD ANTIMICROBIANA