Lesiones dermatológicas infecciosas asociadas a CD4 250 pacientes VIH-SIDA
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2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
Las lesiones dermatológicas son manifestaciones clínicas comunes en pacientes
con VIH, las cuales se agravan conforme la inmunosupresión progresa. Se pueden
presentar durante todo el proceso a partir de la infección y ser el principal motivo de
consulta de estos pacientes. Objetivo: Determinar las principales lesiones
dermatológicas encontradas en pacientes con VIH/SIDA y conteo de CD4 inferior a 250
células/mm3. Método: Se trata de un estudio cualitativo de diseño no experimental,
retrospectivo de corte transversal, observacional y descriptivo que se desarrolló con la
recolección de datos de 153 pacientes con diagnóstico de VIH/SIDA, conteo inferior a
250 células/mm3 y lesiones dermatológicas. Resultados: El 63% de pacientes fue
masculino, edad: media 35, mediana 31, moda 29, mínimo 17, máximo 47, desviación
estándar 13, varianza 131; el 41%, perteneció al intervalo de edad de 29-34 años;
orientación sexual: heterosexual 80%. Manifestación dermatológica y agente causal:
Herpes 31%, Candidiasis 25%, Dermatitis seborreica y Molusco contagioso 12%
respectivamente. Conclusiones: Las lesiones dermatológicas en pacientes con
VIH/SIDA son causadas principalmente por Herpes y Candidiasis, en mayor proporción
en hombres de 29-34 años, de orientación heterosexual en su mayoría.
Bibliográficamente, el estudio de la relación entre lesiones cutáneas y VIH es escasa a
comparación de otras patologías
Dermatological lesions are common clinical manifestations in HIV patients, these worsen as immunosuppression progresses. These manifestations may be the first signs of immunosuppression and can lead to the HIV diagnosis. The higher frequency of skin diseases occurs when the CD4 count is less than 250 cells/mm3 and these are a common reason for medical consultation in HIV patients. Objective: The aim of our study was to identify cutaneous lesions in HIV patients with less than 250 cells/mm3. Method: This was a qualitative study of non-experimental, retrospective, cross- sectional, observational and descriptive design that was developed with the collection of data from 153 patients diagnosed with HIV/AIDS, count less than 250 cells/mm3 and dermatological lesions. Results: 63% of patients were male, age: mean thirty-five, median 31, mode 29, minimum 17, maximum 47, standard deviation 13, variance 131; the 41% of patients belonged to the age range of 29-34 years; sexual orientation: homosexual 80%. Dermatological manifestation and causal agent were Herpes 31%, Candidiasis 25%, Seborrheic dermatitis and Molluscum contagiosum 12% respectively. Conclusions: Dermatological lesions in patients with HIV/AIDS are caused by Herpes and Candidiasis, in greater proportion in men aged 29-34 years, with homosexual orientation. Bibliographically, the study of the relationship between skin lesions and HIV is scarce compared to other pathologies.
Dermatological lesions are common clinical manifestations in HIV patients, these worsen as immunosuppression progresses. These manifestations may be the first signs of immunosuppression and can lead to the HIV diagnosis. The higher frequency of skin diseases occurs when the CD4 count is less than 250 cells/mm3 and these are a common reason for medical consultation in HIV patients. Objective: The aim of our study was to identify cutaneous lesions in HIV patients with less than 250 cells/mm3. Method: This was a qualitative study of non-experimental, retrospective, cross- sectional, observational and descriptive design that was developed with the collection of data from 153 patients diagnosed with HIV/AIDS, count less than 250 cells/mm3 and dermatological lesions. Results: 63% of patients were male, age: mean thirty-five, median 31, mode 29, minimum 17, maximum 47, standard deviation 13, variance 131; the 41% of patients belonged to the age range of 29-34 years; sexual orientation: homosexual 80%. Dermatological manifestation and causal agent were Herpes 31%, Candidiasis 25%, Seborrheic dermatitis and Molluscum contagiosum 12% respectively. Conclusions: Dermatological lesions in patients with HIV/AIDS are caused by Herpes and Candidiasis, in greater proportion in men aged 29-34 years, with homosexual orientation. Bibliographically, the study of the relationship between skin lesions and HIV is scarce compared to other pathologies.
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VIRUS DE INMUNODEFICIENCIA HUMANA, ORIENTACION SEXUAL, HERPES, DERMATITIS, HOSPITAL DE INFECTOLOGIA DR. JOSE DANIEL RODRIGUEZ MARIDUEÑA, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR