Seroprevalencia anticuerpos igg helicobacter pylori en escolares 6 a 12 años en Clínica Flor de Bastión, Guayaquil, 2011
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2013
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología.
Resumen
La infección con Helicobacter pylori, es ampliamente distribuida a nivel mundial. Se ha visto asociada con la gastritis crónica, úlceras pépticas y ulceras duodenales. Asociada también con linfomas y adenocarcinomas gástricos, siendo clasificada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud como un carcinógeno de clase I. En los últimos años, la consulta externa de la Clínica Flor de Bastión en Guayaquil ha incrementado debido a la asistencia de escolares con síntomas de dispepsias, epigastralgia, dolor abdominal, pirosis, encontrándose en algunos casos positivos al Helicobacter pylori. Se determino la seroprevalencia de anticuerpos IgG contra el Helicobacter pylori en los niños de 6 a 12 años que acudieron a la clínica durante los meses de marzo a agosto del 2011, realizándose un diseño no experimental u observacional de tipo descriptivo. Obteniendo que en Flor de Bastión, el recolector de basura pasa 3 veces por semana, hay en cada bloque cerros de basuras en las esquinas, no hay Alcantarillado, y solo a la entrada del Paraíso de la Flor llega el agua potable. Por lo tanto de los 210 pacientes positivos solo el 1,9% tienen agua potable. En los hábitos de higiene se obtuvo que 210 pacientes consumen agua de tanqueros, recogen el agua en tanques y consumen directo sin hervirla. El 97,6% las personas tienen algún animal viviendo en sus casas lo que contribuye como factor de riesgo para que los niños tengan la presencia de la bacteria. Se concluye que la determinación de la prevalencia del Helicobacter pylori por IgG fue del 78,4% en los pacientes que acudieron a la Clínica de Flor de Bastión, corroborando y superando la proporción propuesta en la hipótesis planteada en esta investigación. El desafío para los próximos años en pediatría es predecir quiénes están expuestos a desarrollar las complicaciones que produce el Hp, para desarrollar estrategias preventivas y terapéuticas. Es necesario concienciar a las respectivas autoridades de salud y hacer énfasis en la implementación de normas de higiene adecuada. De esta manera
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se podría de mejorar la calidad de vida de los niños de estratos socioeconómicos bajos como es el sector de Flor de Bastión.
Palabras clave:
SEROPREVALENCIA, HELICOBACTER PYLORI, ANTICUERPOS, IgG
The Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the most widely distributed worldwide. It has been closely associated with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers and duodenal ulcers. It is also associated with lymphomas and gastric adenocarcinomas, being classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a carcinogen class I. In recent years, the outpatient services of the Clinic “Flor de Bastion” in Guayaquil has increased due to the assistance of school-agers with symptoms of dyspepsia, epigastric pain, abdominal pain, heartburn, being in some cases positive for the Helicobacter pylori. The objective is to determine the seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against Helicobacter pylori in children from 6 to 12 years old, who are attending the clinic from March to August 2011. In order to achieve this, we performed a non-experimental or observational descriptive research design. Obtaining as a result that in Flor de Bastion, the garbage collector goes 3 times per week, there are mountains of garbage in the corners of each block, no sewerage, and only at the entrance of Flor de bastion there are drinking water services. Therefore, from the 210 positive patients only 1.9% have drinking water. Regarding hygiene habits, the 210 patients consume water from tankers, water collected in tanks and it is consumed directly without boiling. In addition, 97.6% of the people have an animal living in their homes which contributes as a risk factor for children to have the presence of the bacteria. This study concludes that the determination of the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori IgG was 78.4% in patients of the clinic of “Flor de Bastion”, corroborating and exceeding the proportion in the hypothesis proposed in this research. The challenge for the coming years in pediatrics is to predict who is likely to develop complications produced by HP, in order to develop preventive and therapeutic strategies in children with localized risk. Faced with this evidence, is necessary to sensitize the respective health authorities and to emphasize the implementation of hygiene standards. Thus, it X could improve the quality of life of children from low income groups such as “Flor de Bastion” sector. Words key: SEROPREVALENCE, helicobacter pylori, ANTIBODIES, IgG.
The Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the most widely distributed worldwide. It has been closely associated with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers and duodenal ulcers. It is also associated with lymphomas and gastric adenocarcinomas, being classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a carcinogen class I. In recent years, the outpatient services of the Clinic “Flor de Bastion” in Guayaquil has increased due to the assistance of school-agers with symptoms of dyspepsia, epigastric pain, abdominal pain, heartburn, being in some cases positive for the Helicobacter pylori. The objective is to determine the seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against Helicobacter pylori in children from 6 to 12 years old, who are attending the clinic from March to August 2011. In order to achieve this, we performed a non-experimental or observational descriptive research design. Obtaining as a result that in Flor de Bastion, the garbage collector goes 3 times per week, there are mountains of garbage in the corners of each block, no sewerage, and only at the entrance of Flor de bastion there are drinking water services. Therefore, from the 210 positive patients only 1.9% have drinking water. Regarding hygiene habits, the 210 patients consume water from tankers, water collected in tanks and it is consumed directly without boiling. In addition, 97.6% of the people have an animal living in their homes which contributes as a risk factor for children to have the presence of the bacteria. This study concludes that the determination of the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori IgG was 78.4% in patients of the clinic of “Flor de Bastion”, corroborating and exceeding the proportion in the hypothesis proposed in this research. The challenge for the coming years in pediatrics is to predict who is likely to develop complications produced by HP, in order to develop preventive and therapeutic strategies in children with localized risk. Faced with this evidence, is necessary to sensitize the respective health authorities and to emphasize the implementation of hygiene standards. Thus, it X could improve the quality of life of children from low income groups such as “Flor de Bastion” sector. Words key: SEROPREVALENCE, helicobacter pylori, ANTIBODIES, IgG.
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SEROPREVALENCIA, HELICOBACTER PYLORI, EPIDEMIOLOGIA