Análisis Jurídico de la Inversión de la Carga de la Prueba en Materia Laboral
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Fecha
2024-08
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Jurisprudencia Ciencias Sociales y Políticas
Resumen
Dentro de los juicios laborales, la inversión de la carga de la prueba es un principio que desempeña un papel importante en pos de dotar de equidad procesal de los litigios entre obreros y empleadores, cuando se establece que existe una relación laboral entre las partes implicadas, la inversión de la carga de la prueba debe ser aplicada por los jueces o tribunales de forma imperativa a fin de introducir elementos de equidad procesal, con el propósito de garantizar la protección de los derechos de los trabajadores y la consideración de aspectos de asimetría económica y de poder que caracterizan a la relación laboral. Mediante esta renovación de la doctrina de la carga de la prueba, se busca asegurar los derechos de la parte más vulnerable a la cual se corresponde el trabajador, se podría alcanzar mediante la asimilación plena del principio de la inversión de la carga de la prueba en pos de reivindicar los derechos constitucionales del trabajador. El objetivo de este trabajo es ofrecer posibles soluciones a las cuestiones que se han planteado en la práctica y que se han identificado como especialmente problemáticas para la parte más débil de la relación laboral. Se han puesto de manifiesto las principales dificultades que tienen los trabajadores para probar los hechos alegados, y se ha planteado una propuesta para extender la inversión de la carga de la prueba a los procedimientos de despido intempestivo.
Within labor lawsuits, the reversal of the burden of proof is a principle that plays an important role in order to provide procedural fairness in disputes between workers and employers, when it is established that there is an employment relationship between the parties involved, the reversal of the burden of proof must be applied by judges or courts in an imperative manner in order to introduce elements of procedural fairness, with the purpose of ensuring the protection of the rights of workers and the consideration of aspects of economic asymmetry and power that characterize the employment relationship. Through this renewal of the doctrine of the burden of proof, it is sought to ensure the rights of the most vulnerable party to which the worker corresponds, could be achieved through the full assimilation of the principle of the reversal of the burden of proof in pursuit of vindicating the constitutional rights of the worker. The aim of this paper is to offer possible solutions to the issues that have arisen in practice and have been identified as particularly problematic for the weaker party in the employment relationship. The main difficulties that workers have in proving the alleged facts have been highlighted, and a proposal has been put forward to extend the reversal of the burden of proof to untimely dismissal proceedings.
Within labor lawsuits, the reversal of the burden of proof is a principle that plays an important role in order to provide procedural fairness in disputes between workers and employers, when it is established that there is an employment relationship between the parties involved, the reversal of the burden of proof must be applied by judges or courts in an imperative manner in order to introduce elements of procedural fairness, with the purpose of ensuring the protection of the rights of workers and the consideration of aspects of economic asymmetry and power that characterize the employment relationship. Through this renewal of the doctrine of the burden of proof, it is sought to ensure the rights of the most vulnerable party to which the worker corresponds, could be achieved through the full assimilation of the principle of the reversal of the burden of proof in pursuit of vindicating the constitutional rights of the worker. The aim of this paper is to offer possible solutions to the issues that have arisen in practice and have been identified as particularly problematic for the weaker party in the employment relationship. The main difficulties that workers have in proving the alleged facts have been highlighted, and a proposal has been put forward to extend the reversal of the burden of proof to untimely dismissal proceedings.
Descripción
BDER-TPrG 023-2025
Palabras clave
PROCESO LABORAL, INVERSIÓN PROBATORIA, ASIMETRÍA LABORAL, CARGA DE LA PRUEBA