Impacto socioeconómico de la ganadería lechera en comunidades indígenas del Ecuador
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2023-07-29
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Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial: Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
El sistema económico de producción agraria del Ecuador es una actividad integrada a las cadenas productivas y mercados en las comunidades indígenas. Su análisis integral permite caracterizar y zonificar la producción en dichas poblaciones. El área de intervención fue el cantón Colta, provincia de Chimborazo. Los datos se obtuvieron mediante entrevistas directas con el productor y procesadores de leche, mediante un muestreo aleatorio por zonas lecheras productivas, abarcando dos parroquias urbanas y cuatro rurales (Cajabamba, Sicalpa, Columbe, Cañí, Juan de Velasco y Santiago de Quito). La producción de leche se considera la actividad más rentable, pese al bajo precio que recibe el productor. Actualmente, el 81 % de ganaderos recibe menos de 0,40 USD/L de leche, mismos que cubren los costos de producción y contribuyen a una economía circular sostenible para la zona. La producción depende de un sistema familiar con bajos niveles de tecnificación. La mayor parte de la producción se destina a pequeños canales de comercialización como queseras artesanales y venta a mayoristas. En conclusión, pese al escaso desarrollo tecnológico en la región, existen oportunidades de mejora en lo industrial como lo social de la poblaciones vulnerables
The economic system of agricultural production in Ecuador is an integrated activity into the productive chains and markets in indigenous communities. Its comprehensive analysis allows characterizing and zoning production in these populations. The intervention area was Colta,acantonin the Chimborazo province. The data was obtained through direct interviews with dairy producers and processors, through random sampling by productive areas, covering two urban and four rural parishes (Cajabamba, Sicalpa, Columbe, Cañí, Juan de Velasco and Santiago de Quito). Milk production is considered the most profitable activity, despite the low price that the producer receives. Currently, 81% of farmers receive less than 0.40 USD/L of milk, which covers production costs and contributes to a sustainable circular economy for the area. The production depends on a low technology level family system. Most of the production is destined for small marketing channels such as artisan cheese shops and sales to wholesalers. In conclusion, despite the limited technological development in the region, there are opportunities for improvement both in industry and in the social of vulnerable populations
The economic system of agricultural production in Ecuador is an integrated activity into the productive chains and markets in indigenous communities. Its comprehensive analysis allows characterizing and zoning production in these populations. The intervention area was Colta,acantonin the Chimborazo province. The data was obtained through direct interviews with dairy producers and processors, through random sampling by productive areas, covering two urban and four rural parishes (Cajabamba, Sicalpa, Columbe, Cañí, Juan de Velasco and Santiago de Quito). Milk production is considered the most profitable activity, despite the low price that the producer receives. Currently, 81% of farmers receive less than 0.40 USD/L of milk, which covers production costs and contributes to a sustainable circular economy for the area. The production depends on a low technology level family system. Most of the production is destined for small marketing channels such as artisan cheese shops and sales to wholesalers. In conclusion, despite the limited technological development in the region, there are opportunities for improvement both in industry and in the social of vulnerable populations
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ANÁLISIS SOCIOECONÓMICO, GANADERÍA LECHERA, DESARROLLO RURAL, COMUNIDADES INDÍGENAS, SOCIO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, DAIRY FARMING, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES
Citación
Andrade , G. ., Andrade , M. ., Suárez-Usbek , A. ., Bautista-Espinoza, H., & Haro-Haro , A. (2023). Impacto socioeconómico de la ganadería lechera en comunidades indígenas del Ecuador. EASI: Ingeniería Y Ciencias Aplicadas En La Industria, 2(1), 34–43. https://doi.org/10.53591/easi.v2i1.1907