Publicación: Procesos productivos y su incidencia en costos en empresas de discos de empanadas, Ciudad de Guayaquil, periodo 2021-2022
Fecha
2023
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Universidad de Guayaquil: Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas
Resumen
Este documento aborda la problemática de altos costos de producción que enfrentan las empresas elaboradoras de discos de empanada en Ecuador, obstaculizando su rentabilidad. El objetivo general es analizar los factores internos y externos que inciden en dichos costos, entre 2021 y 2022. La metodología aplicada es de enfoque mixto con alcance descriptivo no experimental de corte transversal. Dentro de los hallazgos principales se determinó que insumos como la harina de trigo, interrupciones en la cadena de suministro, maquinaria obsoleta y altas mermas impactan estos costos; además, las empresas de este sector reconocen la necesidad de avanzar en automatización y control de desperdicios. La propuesta planteada consiste en la estandarización de procesos clave mediante un esquema de optimización de procesos, esperando generar eficiencia, ahorros en materia prima y reducción de desechos. Además, se propone la implementación de herramientas de Economía Circular en la planta. Realizar mejoras integrales como análisis de procesos, tecnificación de operaciones, disminución de mermas y estandarización, resulta indispensable para que las productoras de discos de empanada logren optimizar sus costos de producción y por ende aumentar su rentabilidad.
This study analyzes the problem of high production costs faced by the companies that manufacture empanada discs in Ecuador, hindering their profitability. The general objective is to analyze the internal and external factors that affect these costs between 2021 and 2022. The methodology applied is a mixed approach with a descriptive, non-experimental, cross-sectional, non-experimental scope. Among the main findings, it was determined that inputs such as wheat flour, interruptions in the supply chain, obsolete machinery and high shrinkage have an impact on these costs; in addition, companies in this sector recognize the need to advance in automation and waste control. The proposal consists of standardizing key processes through a process optimization scheme, hoping to generate efficiency, raw material savings and waste reduction. In addition, the implementation of circular economy tools in the plant is proposed. Integral improvements, such as process analysis, technification of operations, reduction of waste and standardization, are essential for empanada disc producers to optimize their production costs and thus increase their profitability.
This study analyzes the problem of high production costs faced by the companies that manufacture empanada discs in Ecuador, hindering their profitability. The general objective is to analyze the internal and external factors that affect these costs between 2021 and 2022. The methodology applied is a mixed approach with a descriptive, non-experimental, cross-sectional, non-experimental scope. Among the main findings, it was determined that inputs such as wheat flour, interruptions in the supply chain, obsolete machinery and high shrinkage have an impact on these costs; in addition, companies in this sector recognize the need to advance in automation and waste control. The proposal consists of standardizing key processes through a process optimization scheme, hoping to generate efficiency, raw material savings and waste reduction. In addition, the implementation of circular economy tools in the plant is proposed. Integral improvements, such as process analysis, technification of operations, reduction of waste and standardization, are essential for empanada disc producers to optimize their production costs and thus increase their profitability.
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Palabras clave
COSTOS, PRODUCCIÓN, RENTABILIDAD, INDUSTRIA, ALIMENTOS