Evaluación de tres variedades de soya Glycine max L. con dos dosis de fertilizantes foliar quelatado
Fecha
2017
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigación se realizó en la zona norte de laprovincia del Guayas, ubicada en el Km 27 vía Guayaquil-El Empalme, sllevó a cabo en la época seca del 2016 en los terrenos de propiedad del Sr.
Carlos Alberto Zalamea Valencia en la coordenada S1° 17´ 1´´ W 79° 503´´ a una altura de 30 m.s.n.m., con el objetivo de evaluar el comportamientagronómico de tres variedades de soya utilizando diferentes dosis dfertilizantes foliar quelatado (Combiplus), se utilizó el diseño completamental azar con nueve tratamientos y con cuatro repeticiones, la comparación dla medias de tratamientos se realizó mediante la prueba de Duncan al 5% dprobabilidad. Se evaluaron las siguientes variables: días de floración; alturade carga por planta (cm); ramas por planta; número de vainas por plantaaltura de planta (cm); semillas por planta; peso de 1000 granos (g) rendimiento (kg/ha). De acuerdo con los resultados se concluye lo siguientela dosis de 4 L/ha de combi plus presentó la mayor altura de carga (18 cm),ramas por planta (4 ramas), altura de planta (55 cm), semillas por floraciómás tardía (51 días) a diferencia de la dosis de 0 L/ha que una floraciónprecoz con 39 días; La variedad INIAP 308 generó el mayor rendimiento co1109 kg/ha, el mayor número de semillas por planta con 124 semillas y emayor días a floración 49 días, mientras que la variedad INIAP 310 alcanzuna floración precoz con 41 días, el mayor número de ramas por planta co4 ramas y el mayor número de vainas por planta con 40 vainas, la variedaJúpiter 29 presentó la mayor altura de planta con 51cm, las variedadeINIAP 308 y INIAP 310 alcanzaron el mayor peso de 1000 semillas con 12g, las variedades INIAP 308, INIAP 310 y Júpiter 29 obtuvieron la mismaltura de carga (17 cm); en la variable rendimiento la dosis de 4 L/ha dCombiplus alcanzó el mayor rendimiento con 1183 kg/ha seguida de la dosisde 2 L/ha con 1065 kg/ha: de acuerdo al análisis económico del CIMMYT etratamiento 7 (variedad Jupiter 29 con 0 L/ha de Combiplus), presentó lamayor tasa con 9319.20 % neto por cada dólar invertido, se recupera el dólary se obtiene una ganancia de USD/ha 93.19 por lo cual es rentable su uso.
The present research work was carried out in the northern area of the province of Guayas, province at Km 27 of the road Guayaquil-El Empalme, during the dry season of the year 2016 in the lands owned by Mr. Carlos Alberto Zalamea Valencia at coordinate S1 ° 17´ 1´´ W 79 ° 50´ 3´´ and a height of 30 msnm, the main objective of this study is to evaluate the agronomic behavior of three soybean varieties using different doses of foliar fertilizers, the fully randomized design with nine treatments and four replicates, the comparison of means of treatments was performed using the Duncan test at 5% probability. The following variables were evaluated: flowering days; load height per plant (cm); branches per plant; number of pods per plant; plant height (cm); seeds per plant; weight of 1000 grains (g) and yield (kg / ha). According to the results it was concluded that the 4L / ha dose of Combiplus showed the highest loading height (18 cm), branches per plant (4 branches), plant height (55 cm), seeds per late flowering (51 days) unlike the dose of 0 L / ha than an early bloom with 39 days; The variety INIAP 308 variety produced the highest yield with 1,109 kg / ha, the highest number of seeds per plant with 124 seeds and the highest days to flowering with 49 days, while the variety INIAP 310 reached an early bloom with 41 days, the largest number of branches per plant with 4 branches and the highest number of pods per plant with 40 pods, the variety Jupiter 29 presented the highest plant height with 51 cm. On the other hand INIAP 308 and INIAP 310 varieties reached the highest weight of 1000 seeds with 126 g, the varieties INIAP 308, INIAP 310 and Jupiter 29 obtained the same height of load (17 cm). Finally, in terms of yield variable the dose of 4 L / ha of Combiplus reached the highest yield with 1,183 kg / ha followed by the dose of 2L / ha with 1,065 kg / ha.
The present research work was carried out in the northern area of the province of Guayas, province at Km 27 of the road Guayaquil-El Empalme, during the dry season of the year 2016 in the lands owned by Mr. Carlos Alberto Zalamea Valencia at coordinate S1 ° 17´ 1´´ W 79 ° 50´ 3´´ and a height of 30 msnm, the main objective of this study is to evaluate the agronomic behavior of three soybean varieties using different doses of foliar fertilizers, the fully randomized design with nine treatments and four replicates, the comparison of means of treatments was performed using the Duncan test at 5% probability. The following variables were evaluated: flowering days; load height per plant (cm); branches per plant; number of pods per plant; plant height (cm); seeds per plant; weight of 1000 grains (g) and yield (kg / ha). According to the results it was concluded that the 4L / ha dose of Combiplus showed the highest loading height (18 cm), branches per plant (4 branches), plant height (55 cm), seeds per late flowering (51 days) unlike the dose of 0 L / ha than an early bloom with 39 days; The variety INIAP 308 variety produced the highest yield with 1,109 kg / ha, the highest number of seeds per plant with 124 seeds and the highest days to flowering with 49 days, while the variety INIAP 310 reached an early bloom with 41 days, the largest number of branches per plant with 4 branches and the highest number of pods per plant with 40 pods, the variety Jupiter 29 presented the highest plant height with 51 cm. On the other hand INIAP 308 and INIAP 310 varieties reached the highest weight of 1000 seeds with 126 g, the varieties INIAP 308, INIAP 310 and Jupiter 29 obtained the same height of load (17 cm). Finally, in terms of yield variable the dose of 4 L / ha of Combiplus reached the highest yield with 1,183 kg / ha followed by the dose of 2L / ha with 1,065 kg / ha.
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Palabras clave
SOYA, VARIABLES EVALUADAS, CARACTERISTICAS AGRONOMICAS, FERTILIZANTES FOLIAR QUELATADO