Aplicación de polialquenoatos de vidrio en los casos clínicos
Archivos
Fecha
2012-06-15
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigación de los cementos de polialquenoato de vidrio , constituyen una clase importante de biomateriales útiles en la práctica odontológica como materiales de restauración dental, así como agentes de adhesión de artículos utilizados en ortodoncia, y más recientemente se han considerado con aplicación potencial en la fijación de implantes y en cirugía reconstructiva. Los polialquenoato de vidrio convencionales, son materiales compuestos constituidos por un material inorgánico (vidrio de fluoroaluminosilicato) y un polímero basado en poli (ácido acrílico), poli(ácido itacónico) o copolímeros de poli(ácido acrílico)-poli(ácido itacónico). La mezcla de sus componentes en un medioacuoso, genera una reacción ácido-base que permite el fraguado y endurecimiento del material. El estudio de diversos parámetros en la preparación de los polialquenoato de vidrio ha contribuido a la mejora en las propiedades físicas de estos materiales, tales es el caso de evaluaciones con respecto a la composición del vidrio, relación vidrio/polímero así como polvo/líquido, concentración y masa molecular del polímero (poli(ácido acrílico)). Estos estudios han permitido mejorar la resistencia a la compresión, flexión y sensibilidad a la humedad, sin embargo, en algunos casos estas características se han alcanzado sacrificando la estabilidad dimensional, la adhesión, liberación de fluoruro y la biocompatibilidad. Actualmente, el uso de biopolímeros en aplicaciones biomédicas, representan una alternativa importante en la reducción de efectos secundarios como irritación, inflamación y toxicidad. Dentro de este contexto existe un biopolímero poli(ácido γ-glutámico) (γ-PGA), susceptible a ser utilizado en la preparación de Cemento polialquenoato de vidrio. El poli (ácido γ- glutámico), es una poliamida soluble en agua y de origennatural producida por especies de microorganismos como Bacillus subtilis y Bacillus licheniformis. Sus aplicaciones se han enfocado en su uso como agentes
2
espesantes, humectantes, crioprotectores, materiales de liberación controlada de fármacos, adhesivos, suturas biodegradables, hidrogeles con gran capacidad de absorción de agua, agentes quelatantes de iones metálicos y aditivos en alimentos. Sin embargo, lo que atrajo nuestra atención, deriva de su estructura química, que al igual que los ácidos alquenóicos muestra grupos carboxílicos libres fundamentales para la reacción de formación de los polialquenoato de vidrio. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo la preparación de cementos de polialquenoato vítreo a partir de un vidrio de fluoroaluminosilicato y poli(ácido γ-glutámico) biosintetizado por B. licheniformisATCC-9945a, con el fin de obtener materiales con propiedades mecánicas aceptables sin afectar su respuesta en el medio biológico. Este estudio, describe el efecto de la masa molecular del biopolímero, el tamaño de partícula del vidrio, la relación polvo/líquido (P/L) y relación vidrio/polímero (V/P) sobre la resistencia a la compresión de los cementos.
The present research cements polyalkenoate glass , are an important class of useful biomaterials in dentistry as dental restorative materials and bonding agents of items used in orthodontics, and more recently have been considered with potential application in fixing implants and reconstructive surgery. The polyalkenoate conventional glass , are composite materials consisting of an inorganic material ( fluoroaluminosilicate glass ) and one based on polyethylene polymer (acrylic acid) , poly ( itaconic acid ) or poly ( acrylic acid) , poly ( itaconic acid ) . The mixture of its components in a medioacuoso generates an acid - base allowing material setting and hardening reaction . The study of various parameters in the preparation of glass polyalkenoate contributed to the improvement in the physical properties of these materials such evaluations is the case with respect to the composition of glass, relationship / polymer and powder / liquid , concentration and molecular weight of the polymer (poly (acrylic acid) ) . These studies have led to improved resistance to compression , flexion, and sensitivity to moisture , however , in some cases these features are achieved by sacrificing the dimensional stability , adhesion, fluoride release and biocompatibility . Currently , the use of biopolymers in biomedical applications represent a significant reduction in side effects such as irritation, inflammation and toxicity alternative. Within this context there is a biopolymer poly ( γ - glutamic acid ) ( γ -PGA ) , susceptible to be used in preparing glass polyalkenoate cement . Poly ( γ - glutamic acid ) is a water soluble polyamide and origennatural species produced by microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis. Its applications have focused on their use as 2 thickeners, wetting agents, cryoprotectants , controlled drug release materials, adhesives , biodegradable sutures , hydrogels with high water absorption capacity , metal ion chelating agents and food additives . However, what attracted our attention derives from its chemical structure , which like the fundamental alkenoic acids shown to free carboxylic groups of the reaction forming the glass polyalkenoate . This study aimed to prepare cements polyalkenoate vitreous from a fluoroaluminosilicate glass and poly ( γ -glutamic acid) biosynthesized by B. licheniformisATCC - 9945th , in order to obtain materials with acceptable mechanical properties without affecting their response in the biological medium. This study describes the effect of the molecular mass of the biopolymer , the particle size of the glass , the powder / liquid ratio ( P / L ) and glass / polymer ( V / P ) on the compressive strength of the cements relationship .
The present research cements polyalkenoate glass , are an important class of useful biomaterials in dentistry as dental restorative materials and bonding agents of items used in orthodontics, and more recently have been considered with potential application in fixing implants and reconstructive surgery. The polyalkenoate conventional glass , are composite materials consisting of an inorganic material ( fluoroaluminosilicate glass ) and one based on polyethylene polymer (acrylic acid) , poly ( itaconic acid ) or poly ( acrylic acid) , poly ( itaconic acid ) . The mixture of its components in a medioacuoso generates an acid - base allowing material setting and hardening reaction . The study of various parameters in the preparation of glass polyalkenoate contributed to the improvement in the physical properties of these materials such evaluations is the case with respect to the composition of glass, relationship / polymer and powder / liquid , concentration and molecular weight of the polymer (poly (acrylic acid) ) . These studies have led to improved resistance to compression , flexion, and sensitivity to moisture , however , in some cases these features are achieved by sacrificing the dimensional stability , adhesion, fluoride release and biocompatibility . Currently , the use of biopolymers in biomedical applications represent a significant reduction in side effects such as irritation, inflammation and toxicity alternative. Within this context there is a biopolymer poly ( γ - glutamic acid ) ( γ -PGA ) , susceptible to be used in preparing glass polyalkenoate cement . Poly ( γ - glutamic acid ) is a water soluble polyamide and origennatural species produced by microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis. Its applications have focused on their use as 2 thickeners, wetting agents, cryoprotectants , controlled drug release materials, adhesives , biodegradable sutures , hydrogels with high water absorption capacity , metal ion chelating agents and food additives . However, what attracted our attention derives from its chemical structure , which like the fundamental alkenoic acids shown to free carboxylic groups of the reaction forming the glass polyalkenoate . This study aimed to prepare cements polyalkenoate vitreous from a fluoroaluminosilicate glass and poly ( γ -glutamic acid) biosynthesized by B. licheniformisATCC - 9945th , in order to obtain materials with acceptable mechanical properties without affecting their response in the biological medium. This study describes the effect of the molecular mass of the biopolymer , the particle size of the glass , the powder / liquid ratio ( P / L ) and glass / polymer ( V / P ) on the compressive strength of the cements relationship .
Descripción
PDF
Palabras clave
OPERATORIA DENTAL, MATERIALES DENTALES, RESTAURACION DENTAL