Financiamiento formal e informal como factor de éxito o fracaso en pequeños emprendedores de Guayaquil
Fecha
2018
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Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas
Resumen
Las finanzas formales e informales coexisten en mercados con instituciones legales
débiles y bajos niveles de ingresos. El emprendimiento atrae la innovación lo cual
proporciona a los países de nuevas empresas que entran para competir y desplazar a
aquellas compañías que no son capaces de adaptarse a los cambios en los mercados. En el
Ecuador específicamente en la ciudad de Guayaquil uno de los principales desafíos que
enfrentan los emprendedores es el acceso al financiamiento a través del sistema financiero
ecuatoriano. El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación fue determinar cómo influye
el financiamiento formal e informal en el desarrollo de los pequeños emprendedores de la
ciudad de Guayaquil. Entre los principales hallazgos se destacan que las empresas que se
financiaron por medio de fuentes formales tuvieron un mejor desempeño en cuanto a
adquisición de capital, ventas y costos en comparación de aquellas empresas que
recurrieron a fuentes informales para obtener financiamiento. En este sentido, se diseñó una
estrategia para promover el emprendimiento y que se promueva y facilite el acceso a las
fuentes formales de financiamiento con el fin de que disminuya la posibilidad de que los
emprendedores recurran a los créditos informales.
Formal and informal finance coexist in markets with weak legal institutions and low income levels. Entrepreneurship attracts innovation, which provides countries with new companies that enter to compete and displace those companies that are not able to adapt to changes in the markets. In Ecuador, specifically in the city of Guayaquil, one of the main challenges faced by entrepreneurs is access to financing through the Ecuadorian financial system. The objective of this research work was to determine how formal and informal financing influences the development of small entrepreneurs in the city of Guayaquil. Among the main findings are that companies that were financed through formal sources had a better performance in terms of capital acquisition, sales and costs compared to those companies that used informal sources to obtain financing. In this sense, a strategy was designed to promote entrepreneurship and to promote and facilitate access to formal sources of financing in order to reduce the possibility for entrepreneurs to resort to informal loans.
Formal and informal finance coexist in markets with weak legal institutions and low income levels. Entrepreneurship attracts innovation, which provides countries with new companies that enter to compete and displace those companies that are not able to adapt to changes in the markets. In Ecuador, specifically in the city of Guayaquil, one of the main challenges faced by entrepreneurs is access to financing through the Ecuadorian financial system. The objective of this research work was to determine how formal and informal financing influences the development of small entrepreneurs in the city of Guayaquil. Among the main findings are that companies that were financed through formal sources had a better performance in terms of capital acquisition, sales and costs compared to those companies that used informal sources to obtain financing. In this sense, a strategy was designed to promote entrepreneurship and to promote and facilitate access to formal sources of financing in order to reduce the possibility for entrepreneurs to resort to informal loans.
Descripción
Palabras clave
FINANCIAMIENTO FORMAL, FINANCIAMIENTO INFORMAL, EMPRENDIMIENTO DESARROLLO