Correlación clínico epidemiológica del asma en niños de 5 a 10 años
Fecha
2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
El asma es un síndrome clínico complejo caracterizado por inflamación crónica de las vías aéreas, las características del medioambiente donde habita el niño influyen en la evolución de la enfermedad, hacen que el 20% de los pacientes tengan una evolución desfavorable, mientras que un 5% de casos llegan a padecer asma grave. Se planteó determinar las características epidemiológicas en base a la ubicación geográfica y las condiciones socioeconómicas locales que se relacionen con la vulnerabilidad de la evolución clínica para intervenir en ellos y mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes. El estudio es tipo observacional, descriptivo retrospectivo y de corte transversal. Los resultados mostraron que el sexo de los niños no tuvo diferencias significativas por lo que deducimos que no tuvo influencia sobre la evolución de la enfermedad. Los factores no modificables como atopia y el antecedente familiar de asma fueron muy relevantes en los resultados hospitalarios. Asimismo la exposición al humo de tabaco, obesidad, hacinamiento y malas condiciones de la vivienda se asociaron a mayor número de ingresos hospitalarios y tiempo de hospitalización prolongado.
Asthma is a complex clinical syndrome characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways, the characteristics of the environment where the child lives undoubtedly influence the evolution of the disease, cause that 20% of patients have an unfavorable evolution, while a 5 % of cases suffer from severe asthma. It was proposed to determine the epidemiological characteristics based on geographic location and local socioeconomic conditions that are related to the vulnerability of clinical evolution to intervene in them and how to improve the quality of life of patients. The study is observational, descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional. The sex of the children did not have significant differences, which is why we infer that it had no influence on the evolution of the disease. Non-modifiable factors such as atopy and family history of asthma were very relevant in hospital outcomes. Likewise, exposure to tobacco smoke, obesity, overcrowding and poor housing conditions were associated with a greater number of hospital admissions and prolonged hospitalization.
Asthma is a complex clinical syndrome characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways, the characteristics of the environment where the child lives undoubtedly influence the evolution of the disease, cause that 20% of patients have an unfavorable evolution, while a 5 % of cases suffer from severe asthma. It was proposed to determine the epidemiological characteristics based on geographic location and local socioeconomic conditions that are related to the vulnerability of clinical evolution to intervene in them and how to improve the quality of life of patients. The study is observational, descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional. The sex of the children did not have significant differences, which is why we infer that it had no influence on the evolution of the disease. Non-modifiable factors such as atopy and family history of asthma were very relevant in hospital outcomes. Likewise, exposure to tobacco smoke, obesity, overcrowding and poor housing conditions were associated with a greater number of hospital admissions and prolonged hospitalization.
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ASMA, PEDIATRIA, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR, EPIDEMIOLGIA DESCRIPTIVA, CALIDAD DE VIDA, FACTORES DE RIESGO, HOSPITAL DEL NIÑO FRANCISCO DE ICAZA BUSTAMANTE