Principales complicaciones de la diabetes mellitus tipo II como causa de internación en Salas de Medicina Interna del Hospital Luis Vernaza en el año 2017
Fecha
2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
La Diabetes Mellitus (DM) es una enfermedad crónica, endocrinológica en donde encontramos alteraciones metabólicas de múltiples etiologías caracterizadas por hiperglucemia, trastornos en el metabolismo de los hidratos de carbono, las grasas y las proteínas.
La Federación Internacional de Diabetes, informó que el 8,3% de la población mundial padece diabetes mellitus, Según la OMS se incrementó el número de diabéticos entre el año 1980 (108 millones) al año 2014 (422 millones), en pacientes de la edad adulta. En Ecuador, según la ENSANUT, la prevalencia de la diabetes entre los 10 a 59 años es del 1.7%.
El presente trabajo se realizó con las siguientes características metodológicas, con enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental, de corte transversal, descriptivo y retrospectivo, en base a un método observacional indirecto en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo II ingresados por alguna complicación aguda.
En el Hospital Luis Vernaza, en el año 2017, hubo 45 pacientes ingresados por DM tipo II, de los cuales 14 (31.1%) fueron por complicaciones aguda y 31 (68.9%) por otras causas, la cetoacidosis diabética fue la más frecuente con un 50%.
En conclusión la DM tipo II se presenta en pacientes mayores de 30 años con mayor frecuencia, las complicaciones que tienen mayor número de ingresos son las agudas, encabezando la lista por orden de frecuencia la cetoacidosis diabética.
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic, endocrinological disease in which we find metabolic alterations of multiple etiologies characterized by hyperglycemia, disorders in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. The International Diabetes Federation, reported that 8.3% of the world population has diabetes mellitus, According to the WHO increased the number of diabetics between the year 1980 (108 million) and the year 2014 (422 million), in patients of the adulthood. In Ecuador, according to the ENSANUT, the prevalence of diabetes between 10 to 59 years is 1.7%. The present work was carried out with the following methodological characteristics, with a quantitative approach, non-experimental design, cross-sectional, descriptive and retrospective, based on an indirect observational method in patients with type II diabetes mellitus admitted for some acute complication. At the Luis Vernaza Hospital, in 2017, there were 45 patients admitted for type II DM, of which 14 (31.1%) were due to acute complications and 31 (68.9%) due to other causes, diabetic ketoacidosis was the most frequent 50% In conclusion, type II DM occurs in patients older than 30 years with greater frequency, the complications that have the highest number of admissions are acute, with diabetic ketoacidosis leading the list in order of frequency.
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic, endocrinological disease in which we find metabolic alterations of multiple etiologies characterized by hyperglycemia, disorders in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. The International Diabetes Federation, reported that 8.3% of the world population has diabetes mellitus, According to the WHO increased the number of diabetics between the year 1980 (108 million) and the year 2014 (422 million), in patients of the adulthood. In Ecuador, according to the ENSANUT, the prevalence of diabetes between 10 to 59 years is 1.7%. The present work was carried out with the following methodological characteristics, with a quantitative approach, non-experimental design, cross-sectional, descriptive and retrospective, based on an indirect observational method in patients with type II diabetes mellitus admitted for some acute complication. At the Luis Vernaza Hospital, in 2017, there were 45 patients admitted for type II DM, of which 14 (31.1%) were due to acute complications and 31 (68.9%) due to other causes, diabetic ketoacidosis was the most frequent 50% In conclusion, type II DM occurs in patients older than 30 years with greater frequency, the complications that have the highest number of admissions are acute, with diabetic ketoacidosis leading the list in order of frequency.
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Diabetes mellitus tipo 2, Complicaciones, Hospital Luis Vernaza, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador