Valoración de la calidad en el proceso de obtención del hipoclorito de sodio
Fecha
2004
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
La generación de lodos residuales es común en todas las industrias dedicadas a la fermentación y destilación del alcohol etílico, actualmente se ha convertido en un problema ambiental que nos permite aplicar criterios viables de gestión y disposición de estos tipos de residuos previamente acondicionados, debido a su alto contenido de materia orgánica y otros elementos como metales pesados que le pueden otorgar las características de peligrosos.
Inicialmente mediante la caracterización fisicoquímica de los lodos fue necesario, en primer lugar describir la metodología adecuada para su caracterización, ello involucra a la utilización de métodos normalizados de laboratorio, con el fin de evaluar la aplicabilidad de los ensayos orientados al uso agrícola, pero teniendo como marco de selección el reciclaje de este tipo de residuos, el cual incurra en el menor costo de tratamiento y disposición.
Se puede apreciar los valores de las concentraciones de metales pesados como el Plomo, Cadmio, Níquel, Cromo, Cobre y Zinc, se encuentran por debajo de los valores máximos permitidos en las normas ambientales vigentes a su aplicación en suelos agrícolas como un biosólido, por otro lado los ensayos practicados del contenido de Nitrógeno, Fósforo y Potasio, muestran que los porcentajes contenidos en el biosólido son relativamente altos, de manera que se constituyen desde el punto de vista agronómico óptimo para ser utilizados como enmendantes de suelos, sin mostrar posibles riesgos de contaminación por fenómenos de lixiviación.
Generating residual muddy compounds is very common in every industry dedicated to fermenting and distilling ethylic alcohol, this has become such environmental problem which in consequence allows us to apply certain viable criteria and handling disposition for this previously conditioned residues. Due to its high content of organic matter and other elements such as heavy metals these residues could be categorized as dangerous. Initially, for Physically/Chemically characterizing of this muddy compounds it was first necessary to describe the precise methodology for this characterizing involving the utilization of laboratory normalized methods having as objective the evaluation and applicability of tests oriented to agricultural use, not only having the recycling of these types of residues as a window, but also the lowest disposition and treatment cost. It can be noticed that the values of concentrations of heavy metals such as Lead, Cadmium, Chrome, Copper and Zinc are bellow maximum allowed values in present environmental rules with respect to its use in agricultural soils as a Bio- solid, on the other hand, tests performed regarding its Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium content reveal that these contents are relatively high in the Bio-Solid, rendering them as optimum quality from the agricultural point of view to be utilized in the emendation of soils, without possible risks of contamination due to lixiviation.
Generating residual muddy compounds is very common in every industry dedicated to fermenting and distilling ethylic alcohol, this has become such environmental problem which in consequence allows us to apply certain viable criteria and handling disposition for this previously conditioned residues. Due to its high content of organic matter and other elements such as heavy metals these residues could be categorized as dangerous. Initially, for Physically/Chemically characterizing of this muddy compounds it was first necessary to describe the precise methodology for this characterizing involving the utilization of laboratory normalized methods having as objective the evaluation and applicability of tests oriented to agricultural use, not only having the recycling of these types of residues as a window, but also the lowest disposition and treatment cost. It can be noticed that the values of concentrations of heavy metals such as Lead, Cadmium, Chrome, Copper and Zinc are bellow maximum allowed values in present environmental rules with respect to its use in agricultural soils as a Bio- solid, on the other hand, tests performed regarding its Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium content reveal that these contents are relatively high in the Bio-Solid, rendering them as optimum quality from the agricultural point of view to be utilized in the emendation of soils, without possible risks of contamination due to lixiviation.
Descripción
Pdf
Palabras clave
HIPOCLORITO DE SODIO, CONTOL DE CALIDAD - HIPOCLORITO DE SODIO