Eficiencia de la ventilación mecanica no invasiva en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica. El estudio fue realizado en el Hospital del IESS en la ciudad de Milagro desde enero del 2012 a junio del 2013
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2013
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
Para este estudio se empleó la metodología de tipo Cualitativo y Cuantitativo con
métodos Inductivos y Deductivos. Con el propósito de demostrar la Eficiencia de la
Ventilación Mecánica No Invasiva En Pacientes Con Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva
Crónica. Los resultados obtenidos fueron positivos los cuales se demostraran en los
siguientes capitulo. La ventilación mecánica constituye una técnica de soporte en los
pacientes que cursan con insuficiencia respiratoria aguda o crónica reagudizada. En los
últimos años una serie de modalidades ventilatorias han sido puestas en práctica con el
objetivo de mejorar el intercambio gaseoso, revirtiendo la hipoxemia o disminuyendo la
hipercarbia; de disminuir el trabajo respiratorio de aquellos que cursan con fatiga
muscular y de aumentar la sobrevida por esta falla orgánica. La ventilación mecánica se
viene usando desde hace más de treinta años con los ventiladores de presión negativa,
en la actualidad la tecnología ofrece una amplia diversidad de modalidades y
alternativas, una de éstas es la ventilación mecánica no invasiva. La aplicación de
niveles predeterminados de presión positiva y constante en las vías aéreas del paciente
durante la inspiración (CPAP) o de presión inspiratoria y espiratoria positivas constantes
(BIBAP) a través de una interfase nasal en pacientes adultos con apnea del sueño
obstructiva fue descrita por primera vez por Sullivan y col; sin embargo este concepto no
es nuevo y hay referencias de principios del siglo XX por Bunnell para la administración
de gases anestésicos. En 1973 Barach y col. Describieron por primera vez el uso de
CPAP en pacientes con enfisema y asma. En el Ecuador la primera referencia de VNI
utilizada en una mujer de 75 años de edad portadora de enfermedad pulmonar
For this study, the Qualitative and Quantitative methodology with Inductive and Deductive methods. In order to demonstrate the efficiency of the Non-invasive Mechanical Ventilation in Patients with Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Chronicle. The results obtained were positive, which will be demonstrated in the following chapter. Mechanical ventilation is a support technique in the Patients with acute or chronic acute respiratory insufficiency. In the In recent years, a series of ventilatory modalities have been put into practice with the objective of improving gas exchange, reversing hypoxemia or decreasing hypercarbia; to reduce the respiratory work of those who attend with fatigue muscle and increase the survival of this organic failure. Mechanical ventilation has been using for more than thirty years with negative pressure fans, Today, technology offers a wide variety of modalities and alternatives, one of these is non-invasive mechanical ventilation. The application of predetermined levels of positive and constant pressure in the patient's airways during inspiration (CPAP) or constant positive inspiratory and expiratory pressure (BIBAP) through a nasal interface in adult patients with sleep apnea obstructive was first described by Sullivan et al; however this concept does not is new and there are early twentieth century references by Bunnell for administration of anesthetic gases. In 1973 Barach et al. They described for the first time the use of CPAP in patients with emphysema and asthma. In Ecuador, the first reference of NIV used in a 75-year-old woman with lung disease
For this study, the Qualitative and Quantitative methodology with Inductive and Deductive methods. In order to demonstrate the efficiency of the Non-invasive Mechanical Ventilation in Patients with Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Chronicle. The results obtained were positive, which will be demonstrated in the following chapter. Mechanical ventilation is a support technique in the Patients with acute or chronic acute respiratory insufficiency. In the In recent years, a series of ventilatory modalities have been put into practice with the objective of improving gas exchange, reversing hypoxemia or decreasing hypercarbia; to reduce the respiratory work of those who attend with fatigue muscle and increase the survival of this organic failure. Mechanical ventilation has been using for more than thirty years with negative pressure fans, Today, technology offers a wide variety of modalities and alternatives, one of these is non-invasive mechanical ventilation. The application of predetermined levels of positive and constant pressure in the patient's airways during inspiration (CPAP) or constant positive inspiratory and expiratory pressure (BIBAP) through a nasal interface in adult patients with sleep apnea obstructive was first described by Sullivan et al; however this concept does not is new and there are early twentieth century references by Bunnell for administration of anesthetic gases. In 1973 Barach et al. They described for the first time the use of CPAP in patients with emphysema and asthma. In Ecuador, the first reference of NIV used in a 75-year-old woman with lung disease
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Respiración artificial, Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, Hospital del IESS de Milagro Dr. Federico Bolaños Moreira, Cantón Milagro, Ecuador