Artrosis de rodilla con proyección radiológica monopodálica en anteroposterior en pacientes de edad adulta entre 60 a 70 años
Fecha
2014
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
Generalmente se presenta a partir de la quinta década de la vida y afectan principalmente a aquellas articulaciones sometidas al apoyo del peso. Estos procesos degenerativos también son influenciados por la presencia de deformidades congénitas, el antecedente de trabajos penosos o de traumatismo. Se denomina así a la artrosis de la articulación de la rodilla. La artrosis es una afección degenerativa originada en alteraciones del cartílago articular, estas alteraciones pueden ser “primarias” y “secundarias” en el caso particular de la rodilla, la mayor parte de las artrosis son “secundarias” a trastornos de orden estático o son secuelas de procesos infecciosos, postraumáticos o postoperatorios. En la gran parte de la artrosis de rodilla existe un factor “mecánico” en causas; trátese de una desviación regional axial, casi siempre en varo, de una inestabilidad de orden ligamentario, de una mala posición rotuliana o de un trastorno a distancia a veces no bien apreciado que repercute sobre la rodilla. La artrosis de compartimiento interno es más frecuente, ya que esta zona soporta la mayor carga trasmitida a la rodilla. El genu varo produce artrosis con más facilidad que el genu valgo, progresa más rápidamente y es peor tolerada clínicamente. el objetivo de este trabajo es comparar en el mismo paciente y en la misma rodilla que sufre la misma patología (osteoartrosis), dos proyecciones radiológicas usadas para estudio de la artrosis (gonartrosis), como son la proyección anteroposterior (AP) con carga en extensión completa. La vasta importancia que reviste el tema para los futuros profesionales en tecnología médica, se debe a los múltiples casos de individuos que contraen esta enfermedad dicha mencionada, como la artrosis de rodilla, siendo diagnosticada por medio de una radiografía que ofrece la radiología convencional para personas de bajos recursos. Descriptores: rodilla; artrosis, rayos x convencional.
It usually occurs from the fifth decade of life and mainly affects those joints subjected to weight support. These degenerative processes are also influenced by the presence of congenital deformities, the history of painful work or trauma. It is called arthritis of the knee joint. Arthrosis is a degenerative affection originated in alterations of the articular cartilage, these alterations can be "primary" and "secondary" in the particular case of the knee, most of the osteoarthritis are "secondary" to disorders of static order or are sequelae of infectious, post-traumatic or postoperative processes. In the great part of knee osteoarthritis there is a "mechanical" factor in causes; it is an axial regional deviation, almost always in varus, of a ligamental instability, of a bad patellar position or of a distance disorder sometimes not well appreciated that affects the knee. Osteoarthritis of the internal compartment is more frequent, since this zone supports the greater load transmitted to the knee. The genu varro produces osteoarthritis more easily than genu valgus, progresses more rapidly and is worse clinically tolerated. the objective of this work is to compare in the same patient and in the same knee that suffers the same pathology (osteoarthrosis), two radiological projections used for the study of osteoarthritis (gonarthrosis), such as the anteroposterior (AP) projection with load in extension complete The vast importance of the subject for future professionals in medical technology, is due to the multiple cases of individuals who contract this aforementioned disease, such as osteoarthritis of the knee, being diagnosed by means of an X-ray that offers conventional radiology for people of low resources. Descriptors: knee; osteoarthritis, conventional x-ray.
It usually occurs from the fifth decade of life and mainly affects those joints subjected to weight support. These degenerative processes are also influenced by the presence of congenital deformities, the history of painful work or trauma. It is called arthritis of the knee joint. Arthrosis is a degenerative affection originated in alterations of the articular cartilage, these alterations can be "primary" and "secondary" in the particular case of the knee, most of the osteoarthritis are "secondary" to disorders of static order or are sequelae of infectious, post-traumatic or postoperative processes. In the great part of knee osteoarthritis there is a "mechanical" factor in causes; it is an axial regional deviation, almost always in varus, of a ligamental instability, of a bad patellar position or of a distance disorder sometimes not well appreciated that affects the knee. Osteoarthritis of the internal compartment is more frequent, since this zone supports the greater load transmitted to the knee. The genu varro produces osteoarthritis more easily than genu valgus, progresses more rapidly and is worse clinically tolerated. the objective of this work is to compare in the same patient and in the same knee that suffers the same pathology (osteoarthrosis), two radiological projections used for the study of osteoarthritis (gonarthrosis), such as the anteroposterior (AP) projection with load in extension complete The vast importance of the subject for future professionals in medical technology, is due to the multiple cases of individuals who contract this aforementioned disease, such as osteoarthritis of the knee, being diagnosed by means of an X-ray that offers conventional radiology for people of low resources. Descriptors: knee; osteoarthritis, conventional x-ray.
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Palabras clave
Osteoartritis de la rodilla, Técnicas radiológicas, Centro Médico CEMIN, Cantón Balao, Ecuador, Anciano, Proyección radiológica, Monopodálica en anteroposterior