Factores de riesgo de sepsis neonatal y su tendencia en los recién nacidos hospitalizados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatal del Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil en el período 2009-2014
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2015
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
Actualmente la sepsis neonatal es considerada una de las principales causas de morbilidad y mortalidad en las unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatales, es por ello que se ha convertido en un problema de salud pública. La organización mundial de la salud indica que del total de recién nacidos vivos en los países en vías de desarrollo aproximadamente el 20% progresa a un proceso infeccioso, y el 1% fallecen debido a una sepsis neonatal. Son muchos los factores de riesgo que intervienen en el desarrollo de sepsis neonatal, los más importantes son las infecciones genitourinarias, la ruptura prematura de membrana, recién nacidos pretérminos, entre otros. Este estudio investigativo es realizado por observación indirecta, de tipo longitudinal, retrospectivo y descriptivo en el cual se obtuvo datos estadísticos de neonatos con sepsis en la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales del Hospital Universitario de GuayaquilMSP en el periodo enero 2009 a diciembre 2014 cuya objetivo principal es determinar los principales factores de riesgo que inciden en el desarrollo de sepsis neonatal, para establecer medidas preventivas que disminuyan la incidencia de la misma.
Currently the neonatal sepsis is considered one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in neonatal intensive care units, that`s why it has become a public health problem. The World Health Organization says that of all live births in developing countries, about 20% evolves to infection, and 1% die due to neonatal sepsis. There are many risk factors involved in the development of neonatal sepsis, major genitourinary infections, premature rupture of membranes, preterm infants, and others. This research study is performed by indirect observation, transversal, retrospective and descriptive in which statistics of neonatal sepsis was obtained in the neonatal intensive care at Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil – MSP during the period January 2009 to December 2014 which the principal objective is to determine the most important risk factors that affect the development of neonatal sepsis, to establish preventive measures to reduce the incidence of it.
Currently the neonatal sepsis is considered one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in neonatal intensive care units, that`s why it has become a public health problem. The World Health Organization says that of all live births in developing countries, about 20% evolves to infection, and 1% die due to neonatal sepsis. There are many risk factors involved in the development of neonatal sepsis, major genitourinary infections, premature rupture of membranes, preterm infants, and others. This research study is performed by indirect observation, transversal, retrospective and descriptive in which statistics of neonatal sepsis was obtained in the neonatal intensive care at Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil – MSP during the period January 2009 to December 2014 which the principal objective is to determine the most important risk factors that affect the development of neonatal sepsis, to establish preventive measures to reduce the incidence of it.
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Sepsis neonatal, Recién nacido, Pacientes internados, Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal, Epidemiología descriptiva, Estudios retrospectivos, Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador