Diferencias clínico-epidemiológicas entre pacientes ingresados por emergencia por abuso de sustancias, según principio activo
Fecha
2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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Antecedentes: El problema del abuso de sustancias se ha convertido en un problema de salud pública en el Ecuador ya que somos el 2do país latinoamericano con esta problemática por lo que urge el conocimiento del comportamiento clínico epidemiológico de la enfermedad para tener información que ayude a la prevención y tratamiento de este trastorno Objetivos: Identificar diferencias Clínico-epidemiológicas entre pacientes ingresados por emergencia debido a abuso de sustancias, según el principio activo de la droga que consumen
Metodología: Se realizó un estudio de tipo transversal que incluyó 67 casos de pacientes con abusos de sustancias atendidos en la emergencia del Instituto de Neurociencias Guayaquil atendidos entre 1-01-2018 al 31-12-2020 a los cuales se les realizó prueba toxicológica para identificar la sustancia psicoactiva
Resultados: El 89.6% fueron varones, edad promedio 29 ± 8 años, 82.1% procedentes de Guayas, 71.6% con instrucción secundaria, 62.7% con ingresos bajos, 16.4% se encontraban desempleados, 86.6% eran solteros. Las principales manifestaciones fueron agresividad (55.2%), insomnio (43.3%) y agitación psicomotriz (37.3%). La principal droga es la marihuana (46.3%). La heroína se asoció con desempleo (0% vs 28.6%; p 0.037). La cocaína se utilizó con menor frecuencia entre pacientes con insomnio (p 0.043)
Conclusiones: El uso de la mayoría de las drogas en pacientes que ingresan a la emergencia del Instituto de Neurociencias generalmente no presentan diferencias epidemiológicas excepto con heroína que se usa más en desempleados. Ocurre lo mismo con las características clínicas, excepto con cocaína que se utiliza más entre pacientes con insomnio.
Background: The problem of substance abuse has become a public health problem in Ecuador since we are the 2nd Latin American country with this problem, which is why it is urgent to know the clinical epidemiological behavior of the disease in order to have information that helps the prevention and treatment of this disorder Objectives: To identify clinical-epidemiological differences between patients hospitalized for emergency due to substance abuse, according to the active ingredient of the drug they consume. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted that included 67 cases of patients with substance abuse treated in the emergency room of the Guayaquil Institute of Neurosciences between 01-01-2018 and 12-31-2020, who underwent a toxicological test to identify the psychoactive substance Results: 89.6% were male, average age 29 ± 8 years, 82.1% from Guayas, 71.6% with secondary education, 62.7% with low income, 16.4% were unemployed, 86.6% were single. The main manifestations were aggressiveness (55.2%), insomnia (43.3%) and psychomotor agitation (37.3%). The main drug is marijuana (46.3%). Heroin was associated with unemployment (0% vs 28.6%: p 0.037). Cocaine was used less frequently among patients with insomnia (p 0.043) Conclusions: The use of most drugs in patients admitted to the emergency department of the Institute of Neurosciences does not present epidemiological differences, except with heroin, which is used more in the unemployed. The same occurs with the clinical characteristics, except with cocaine, which is used more among patients with insomnia. Keywords: Illicit substances. Substance abuse. Epidemiology. symptomatology
Background: The problem of substance abuse has become a public health problem in Ecuador since we are the 2nd Latin American country with this problem, which is why it is urgent to know the clinical epidemiological behavior of the disease in order to have information that helps the prevention and treatment of this disorder Objectives: To identify clinical-epidemiological differences between patients hospitalized for emergency due to substance abuse, according to the active ingredient of the drug they consume. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted that included 67 cases of patients with substance abuse treated in the emergency room of the Guayaquil Institute of Neurosciences between 01-01-2018 and 12-31-2020, who underwent a toxicological test to identify the psychoactive substance Results: 89.6% were male, average age 29 ± 8 years, 82.1% from Guayas, 71.6% with secondary education, 62.7% with low income, 16.4% were unemployed, 86.6% were single. The main manifestations were aggressiveness (55.2%), insomnia (43.3%) and psychomotor agitation (37.3%). The main drug is marijuana (46.3%). Heroin was associated with unemployment (0% vs 28.6%: p 0.037). Cocaine was used less frequently among patients with insomnia (p 0.043) Conclusions: The use of most drugs in patients admitted to the emergency department of the Institute of Neurosciences does not present epidemiological differences, except with heroin, which is used more in the unemployed. The same occurs with the clinical characteristics, except with cocaine, which is used more among patients with insomnia. Keywords: Illicit substances. Substance abuse. Epidemiology. symptomatology
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TRASTORNOS RELACIONADOS CON SUSTANCIAS, SINTOMATOLOGIA, INSOMNIO, INSTITUTO DE NEUROCIENCIAS, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR