Fundas de polietileno con orificios de diferentes tamaños para reducir el daño del trips de la mancha roja en banano orgánico.
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2014-04-25
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
Es imperioso encontrar métodos que limiten el daño que causa el trips de la mancha roja en bananeras orgánicas, se plantea esta investigación fijando como objetivo general “Evaluar fundas de polietileno con orificios de diferentes tamaños para reducir el daño causado por el trips de la mancha roja en racimos de banano orgánico”, y como objetivos específicos: 1) Evaluar poblaciones de trips de la mancha roja en inflorescencias de banano; 2) Evaluar daños causados por el trips de la mancha roja en racimos de banano; 3) Determinar qué tamaño de orificio en la funda disminuye el daño causado por
el trips de la mancha roja y 4)Realizar un análisis económico de los tratamientos. El trabajo se realizó en la Hacienda orgánica San Enrique, ubicada en el recinto Nueva Esperanza, cantón Balao, provincia del Guayas, misma que se encuentra en las coordenadas 2º 55` 36” latitud sur y 79º 41` 31” longitud occidental, con una precipitación diaria promedio de 3.44 mm, temperatura 24.25 ˚C y 93 % de humedad
relativa. Para este ensayo se utilizó un diseño de bloques completamente al azar con arreglo grupal, se consideró un racimo que incluye sus manos y dedos por unidad experimental con 5 repeticiones. Los tratamientos incluían el uso de fundas simples de polietileno no tratadas con orificios de 2, 3, 4 y 5 mm de diámetro, fundas de pellón y fundas tratadas con bifentrina y clorpirifos. Realizado los respectivos análisis, se llegó a la conclusión de que la mejor opción para el productor orgánico, es el uso de las fundas no tratadas con orificios de 3 mm de diámetro mostrando un porcentaje de daño del 10% a las diez semanas y una taza de retorno marginal del 80%, calificándolo como una alternativa para disminuir
considerablemente la presencia del insecto, como la severidad del daño en el racimo.
Ecuador is one of most important banana exporter worlwide, about 295'338.649 boxes per year on 2013. This production could be afecct by pest that threaten it and risk the productive at national level, the "trips of mancha roja" ( chaetabaphotrips signipennis) is an insect that damages the quality of the fruit making it impossible to sell on international markets. Because for that reason, it's important find methods that stop this damage on organic bananas fields, did this investigation putting as general objectives: " Evaluate polyethylene bags with holes of different sizes to reduce the damage of "trips de la mancha roja" on organic banana clusters, and as specific objectives: 1) Evaluate stocks of "trips de la mancha roja" in banana's inflorescence; 2) Evaluate damage by "trips de la mancha roja" on banana's clusters; 3) Determine what size hole in the bag reduce the damage by "trips de la mancha roja" and 4) Perform an economic analysis of treatments. I did this investigation at organic ranch san enrique, (recinto nueva esperanza, balao-guayas) 2°55'36" south latitude and 79°41'31" west longitude, about daily precipitation of 34mm, temperature 34° 35°C and 93% of relative humidity. For this essay I use a random blocks design with group fit, a cluster that include its hands and fingers per experimental units with 5 rounds. Treatments includes the use of simple polyethylene bags no treated with holes of 2, 3, 4 and 5 mm of diameters, pellon bags and bags treated with bifentrina and clorpirifos. At the end of essay and after of did the investigation, I conclude : the best option for that person of produce organic bananas was the use of untreated bags with holes of 3 mm of diameters showing a 10% of damage on the tenth week and 80% of marginal rate's return, doing of it the best alternative to reduce the presence of the insect and severity damages on clusters.
Ecuador is one of most important banana exporter worlwide, about 295'338.649 boxes per year on 2013. This production could be afecct by pest that threaten it and risk the productive at national level, the "trips of mancha roja" ( chaetabaphotrips signipennis) is an insect that damages the quality of the fruit making it impossible to sell on international markets. Because for that reason, it's important find methods that stop this damage on organic bananas fields, did this investigation putting as general objectives: " Evaluate polyethylene bags with holes of different sizes to reduce the damage of "trips de la mancha roja" on organic banana clusters, and as specific objectives: 1) Evaluate stocks of "trips de la mancha roja" in banana's inflorescence; 2) Evaluate damage by "trips de la mancha roja" on banana's clusters; 3) Determine what size hole in the bag reduce the damage by "trips de la mancha roja" and 4) Perform an economic analysis of treatments. I did this investigation at organic ranch san enrique, (recinto nueva esperanza, balao-guayas) 2°55'36" south latitude and 79°41'31" west longitude, about daily precipitation of 34mm, temperature 34° 35°C and 93% of relative humidity. For this essay I use a random blocks design with group fit, a cluster that include its hands and fingers per experimental units with 5 rounds. Treatments includes the use of simple polyethylene bags no treated with holes of 2, 3, 4 and 5 mm of diameters, pellon bags and bags treated with bifentrina and clorpirifos. At the end of essay and after of did the investigation, I conclude : the best option for that person of produce organic bananas was the use of untreated bags with holes of 3 mm of diameters showing a 10% of damage on the tenth week and 80% of marginal rate's return, doing of it the best alternative to reduce the presence of the insect and severity damages on clusters.
Descripción
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Palabras clave
Trips, Chaetanaphotrips signipennis, MANCHA ROJA, BANANO, CULTIVO ORGANICO
Citación
Dier Barrera, Carlos Medardo (2014) : Fundas de polietileno con orificios de diferentes tamaños para reducir el daño del trips de la mancha roja en banano orgánico.