Plan de contingencia para el Perfil Costero de la parroquia Tachina de la provincia Esmeraldas.
Fecha
2016-09-29
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Gestión de Riesgos y Desastres.
Resumen
El presente estudio tiene como propósito analizar la vulnerabilidad de la población asentada en el perfil costero de la parroquia Tachina. Considerando que forma parte del territorio que está ubicado sobre la zona se subducción dónde se la placa de Nazca y la Sudamericana que forman parte de las 16 placas sobre las cuales se asientan los continentes. De acuerdo a estudios científicos realizado por Nishenko la provincia de Esmeraldas está clasificada en un bloque cuya probabilidad de ocurrencia de un gran terremoto es de 60 a 100%. La parroquia Tachina es una parroquia de la provincia de Esmeraldas cuya ubicación geográfica con una elevación sobre el nivel del mar entre 4 y 16 msnm, lo convierte en una zona de primer impacto en caso de presentarse un tsunami. Para este trabajo de investigación se utilizó la metodología de la Cruz Roja Media Luna y el PNUD, la misma que se basa en el análisis de los ámbitos de riesgos/ amenazas y vulnerabilidad, complementada con la observación directa de la Unidad de Análisis Parroquia Tachina. En conclusión se identificaron como novedad 7 zonas seguras 5 zonas temporales y 2 zonas permanentes con una altura de más de los 60 msnm que permiten que la población ubicada en el perfil costero de la parroquia Tachina que comprende 3140 habitantes aglutinados en 785 hogares. Se recomienda que el GADPT implemente las acciones del plan realizando la instalación de señaléticas en las rutas de evacuación y las zonas seguras complementando con un SAT.
The present study aims to analyze the vulnerability of the population living in the coastal profile of the Tachina parish. Whereas part of the territory is located on the subduction zone where the Nazca and the South American plates that are part of the 16 plates on which the continents are based. According to scientific studies conducted by Nishenko, the province of Esmeraldas is classified in a block which probability of occurrence of a major earthquake is from 60 to 100%. The Tachina parish in the province of Esmeraldas whose geographical location with an elevation above sea level between 4 and 16 meters, makes it a first impact zone in the event of a tsunami. The Red Cross, Red Crescent and PNUD methodology was used for this research; it is based on the analysis of the areas of risk / threat and vulnerability, supplemented by direct observation of the Tachina Parish Analysis Unit. In conclusion 7 safe areas were identified, 5 temporaries and 2 permanent with a height of over 60 meters that allow the population in the coastal profile of the Tachina parish, with 3140 inhabitants agglutinated in 785 households. It is recommended the installation of evacuation signals in the evacuation routes and safe areas complementing with a SAT plan.
The present study aims to analyze the vulnerability of the population living in the coastal profile of the Tachina parish. Whereas part of the territory is located on the subduction zone where the Nazca and the South American plates that are part of the 16 plates on which the continents are based. According to scientific studies conducted by Nishenko, the province of Esmeraldas is classified in a block which probability of occurrence of a major earthquake is from 60 to 100%. The Tachina parish in the province of Esmeraldas whose geographical location with an elevation above sea level between 4 and 16 meters, makes it a first impact zone in the event of a tsunami. The Red Cross, Red Crescent and PNUD methodology was used for this research; it is based on the analysis of the areas of risk / threat and vulnerability, supplemented by direct observation of the Tachina Parish Analysis Unit. In conclusion 7 safe areas were identified, 5 temporaries and 2 permanent with a height of over 60 meters that allow the population in the coastal profile of the Tachina parish, with 3140 inhabitants agglutinated in 785 households. It is recommended the installation of evacuation signals in the evacuation routes and safe areas complementing with a SAT plan.
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Palabras clave
GESTIÓN DE RIESGOS Y DESASTRES, PLAN DE CONTINGENCIA, VULNERABILIDAD, GADPT