Análisis de los factores de riesgos psicosociales en docentes de escuelas unidocentes y pluridocentes del cantón Yaguachi, período 2014 - 2015, con propuesta de talleres de capacitación.
Fecha
2016-01-14
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad, Higiene Industrial y Salud Ocupacional.
Resumen
El objetivo de la presente investigación consiste en análisis de los factores de riesgos psicosociales en docentes de escuelas unidocentes y pluridocentes del cantón Yaguachi, período 2014-2015, con propuesta de talleres de capacitación, para el efecto se utilizó la metodología descriptiva, deductiva y cuantitativa, con uso del cuestionario COPSOQ–ISTAS, Escala sintomática y Check List, obteniéndose como resultados más importantes que los maestros de la escuela uni y pluridocentes deben trabajar con rapidez y alta presión laboral, porque deben atender a una gran demanda de estudiantes de diversos años de educación básica, durante el mismo tiempo de la jornada de trabajo, siendo desgastador emocionalmente, cuyo trabajo no tiene ningún tipo de reconocimiento, se pudo apreciar en las estadísticas de ausentismo, que el personal docente objeto de estudio, ha faltado a los establecimientos escolares uni y pluridocentes, generando un total de 160 días laborables, que representaron 1.280 horas hombres de ausencia. Se obtuvo una pérdida económica anual de $12.330,67 por concepto de la acción de los riesgos psicosociales en el personal docente de las escuelas uni y pluridocentes. Se diseñó como propuesta un plan de prevención y control de los factores riesgos psicosociales para las escuelas uni y pluridocentes del cantón Yaguachi, que incluyó la rotación del personal de estas escuelas para que cada año impartan clases también en los sectores rurales, así como la capacitación docente en materia de prevención de riesgos psicosociales, así como la motivación e incentivos de los maestros, apoyándolos para que se preparen con Maestrías. La propuesta tiene un costo inicial de $6.000,00 que se recuperan en el segundo año, con tasa TIR de 42,60%, un VAN de $11.195,50 y coeficiente beneficio / costo de 1,87 que evidenciaron su factibilidad y sustentabilidad.
The objective of this research is to Analysis of risk factors in psychological teacher schools and teachers of the canton pluridocentes Yaguachi, period 2014 – 2015, with training workshop proposal, the effect has been used descriptive, deductive and quantitative methodology, use of the questionnaire COPSOQ - ISTAS, symptomatic Scale and Check List, yielding major results as teachers pluridocentes uni and school must work with speed and high work pressure, because they must meet a high demand of students from various years of basic education, for the same time of the working day, being an attritor work emotionally, whose work does not have any recognition, it could be seen in the statistics on absenteeism, that teachers under study, has failed to uni and pluridocentes schools, generating a total of 160 working days, men representing 1.280 hours of absence. An annual economic loss of $ $12.330,67 in respect of the action of psychosocial risks in the teaching staff and uni pluridocentes schools was obtained. A plan for prevention and control of psychosocial risk factors for uni and pluridocentes Canton Yaguachi schools, which included the turnover of these schools each year to teach classes also in rural areas was designed as proposed, as well as training teachers in the prevention of psychosocial risks, as well as motivation and incentives for teachers, including supporting them to prepare with Masters. The proposal is an initial cost of $ 6,000.00 to recover in the second year, with an internal rate of 42.60%, an NPV of $ 11,195.50 and a coefficient benefit / cost ratio of 1.87 that demonstrated the feasibility and sustainability of the proposal.
The objective of this research is to Analysis of risk factors in psychological teacher schools and teachers of the canton pluridocentes Yaguachi, period 2014 – 2015, with training workshop proposal, the effect has been used descriptive, deductive and quantitative methodology, use of the questionnaire COPSOQ - ISTAS, symptomatic Scale and Check List, yielding major results as teachers pluridocentes uni and school must work with speed and high work pressure, because they must meet a high demand of students from various years of basic education, for the same time of the working day, being an attritor work emotionally, whose work does not have any recognition, it could be seen in the statistics on absenteeism, that teachers under study, has failed to uni and pluridocentes schools, generating a total of 160 working days, men representing 1.280 hours of absence. An annual economic loss of $ $12.330,67 in respect of the action of psychosocial risks in the teaching staff and uni pluridocentes schools was obtained. A plan for prevention and control of psychosocial risk factors for uni and pluridocentes Canton Yaguachi schools, which included the turnover of these schools each year to teach classes also in rural areas was designed as proposed, as well as training teachers in the prevention of psychosocial risks, as well as motivation and incentives for teachers, including supporting them to prepare with Masters. The proposal is an initial cost of $ 6,000.00 to recover in the second year, with an internal rate of 42.60%, an NPV of $ 11,195.50 and a coefficient benefit / cost ratio of 1.87 that demonstrated the feasibility and sustainability of the proposal.
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SEGURIDAD, HIGIENE INDUSTRIAL Y SALUD OCUPACIONAL, RIESGOS PSICOSOCIALES, AUSENTISMO, UNIDOCENTE Y PLURIDOCENTE