Aplicación de un modelo matemático de dispersión de emisiones contaminantes a la atmósfera para una planta de generación eléctrica que utilice motores de combustión interna y diseño de un plan de manejo ambiental para la mitigación de posibles impactos ambientales
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2016-01
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La tesis trata de la aplicación del Modelo Gaussiano de Dispersión que consiste en un conjunto de fórmulas matemáticas que representan, eventos físico-químicos y permiten calcular la cantidad de contaminantes emitidos a la atmosfera, la concentración a nivel de suelo, la altura efectiva de la chimenea y otros.
La atmósfera es el medio que envuelve la tierra y donde, se desarrolla la vida; está compuesta por oxígeno, hidrogeno, argón y otros gases en menor cantidad, la dispersión es la combinación de los gases de la atmósfera con los gases contaminantes que la impactan.
En el trabajo presente, se analiza la contaminación causada por las fuentes fijas (motores de combustión) de las plantas Termoeléctricas la aplicación y elaboración de un modelo Gaussiano, basado en conceptos y fórmulas científicamente probadas. Se ha elaborado un modelo mediante, el cual, se simula el comportamiento y la dispersión del contaminante, y permite predecir la concentración del mismo, puede ser aplicado para cualquier planta termoeléctrica en operación que utilice motores de combustión para lo cual es necesario considerar parámetros y condiciones meteorológicas siguientes: estabilidad atmosférica, presión atmosférica, velocidad y temperatura del viento, entre otros.
La velocidad del viento es inversamente proporcional a la concentración del contaminante y temperatura, transportado a la velocidad del viento dominante; a mayor velocidad la concentración disminuye. Se incluye un tutorial que indica, paso a paso, la aplicación del modelo, el mismo que se convierte en una herramienta de cálculo.
This investigation is about the application of Gaussian dispersion model consisting of a set of mathematical formulas representing physicochemical events and calculate the amount of pollutants emitted into the atmosphere, the concentration at ground level, the effective height of the fireplace and others. The atmosphere is the medium that surrounds the earth and where life is developed; it is composed of oxygen, hydrogen, argon and other gases in smaller quantities; the dispersion is a combination of atmospheric gases with the gaseous pollutants that impact it. In this paper, the pollution from stationary sources (combustion engines) from thermoelectric plants the implementation and development of a Gaussian model, based on concepts and formulas, are analyzed scientifically proven. It has been developed a model by which the behavior and dispersion of pollutant is simulated, and predicts the concentration thereof can be applied to any power plant in operation using combustion engines for which it is necessary to consider parameters and following weather conditions: atmospheric stability, atmospheric pressure, wind speed and temperature, among others. The wind speed is inversely proportional to the concentration of the pollutant and temperature, transported to the prevailing wind speed; faster concentration decreases. A tutorial that shows, step by step, application of the model is included; this also serves as a calculation tool. scientifically proven. It has been developed a model by which the behavior and dispersion of pollutant is simulated, and predicts the concentration thereof can be applied to any power plant in operation using combustion engines for which it is necessary to consider parameters and following weather conditions: atmospheric stability, atmospheric pressure, wind speed and temperature, among others. The wind speed is inversely proportional to the concentration of the pollutant and temperature, transported to the prevailing wind speed; faster concentration decreases. A tutorial that shows, step by step, application of the model is included; this also serves as a calculation tool.
This investigation is about the application of Gaussian dispersion model consisting of a set of mathematical formulas representing physicochemical events and calculate the amount of pollutants emitted into the atmosphere, the concentration at ground level, the effective height of the fireplace and others. The atmosphere is the medium that surrounds the earth and where life is developed; it is composed of oxygen, hydrogen, argon and other gases in smaller quantities; the dispersion is a combination of atmospheric gases with the gaseous pollutants that impact it. In this paper, the pollution from stationary sources (combustion engines) from thermoelectric plants the implementation and development of a Gaussian model, based on concepts and formulas, are analyzed scientifically proven. It has been developed a model by which the behavior and dispersion of pollutant is simulated, and predicts the concentration thereof can be applied to any power plant in operation using combustion engines for which it is necessary to consider parameters and following weather conditions: atmospheric stability, atmospheric pressure, wind speed and temperature, among others. The wind speed is inversely proportional to the concentration of the pollutant and temperature, transported to the prevailing wind speed; faster concentration decreases. A tutorial that shows, step by step, application of the model is included; this also serves as a calculation tool. scientifically proven. It has been developed a model by which the behavior and dispersion of pollutant is simulated, and predicts the concentration thereof can be applied to any power plant in operation using combustion engines for which it is necessary to consider parameters and following weather conditions: atmospheric stability, atmospheric pressure, wind speed and temperature, among others. The wind speed is inversely proportional to the concentration of the pollutant and temperature, transported to the prevailing wind speed; faster concentration decreases. A tutorial that shows, step by step, application of the model is included; this also serves as a calculation tool.
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MODELO, CONTAMINACIÓN TERMOELÉCTRICA