La musicoterapia como técnica de lenguaje oral en niños autistas no verbales, estudio realizado en la Fundación Comunicar
Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
Una de las patologías más frecuentes en niños es el Autismo que consiste en un conjunto de trastornos del desarrollo neurológico, reflejados en dificultades para relacionarse y comunicarse. Cuando el déficit en la comunicación que muestra el niño pasa desapercibida por sus progenitores o personas que se encuentran a su cargo son consideradas normales y no son llevados al terapeuta en edades tempranas esta se convierte en autismo no verbal. El presente trabajo explica el proceso de la musicoterapia y su función como técnica de lenguaje oral durante la intervención. En el que se trabajó al sistema canto percusión como técnica dentro de la musicoterapia. El sistema canto percusión en musicoterapia es un entrenamiento motor y auditivo que se realiza acompañada del sonido de un par de tambores mientras el terapeuta introduce palabras o frases en forma de canción. Es una investigación de campo porque tiene como objetivo describir el trabajo experimental aplicando una técnica de habilitación en el área de lenguaje como la musicoterapia, con niños que asisten a la Fundación Comunicar. La investigación es longitudinal porque analiza la habilitación del lenguaje oral a través de un período de tiempo; es de corte trasversal ya que hace un corte de tiempo para analizar el fenómeno y analiza los factores intervinientes en la situación de un momento dado. Se realizaron encuestas a los profesionales que laboran en la institución y que son ramas cercanas al área de lenguaje, también se realizaron encuestas a los representantes de los niños que son objeto de estudio, de los cuales se tomó una muestra mediante los criterios de inclusión como pacientes que posean comprensión, que tengan afinidad con la música y que tengan una comunicación no verbal; a su vez los criterios de exclusión dentro de los cuales están pacientes autistas con hipersensibilidad al sonido, y pacientes que tuvieran síntomas de TEA, pero que no estuvieran diagnosticados
One of the most common diseases in children is Autism consisting of a set of neurodevelopmental disorders, reflected in difficulty relating and communicating. When the communication deficit showing the child goes unnoticed by parents or people who are responsible are considered normal and are not brought to the therapist at an early age this becomes nonverbal autism. This paper explains the process of music therapy and its role as a technique of oral language during surgery. In which he worked to singing percussion system as a technique in music therapy. Singing percussion music therapy system is a motor and auditory training that is done with the sound of a pair of drums while the therapist introduces words or phrases in song. It is a research field that aims to describe the experimental work using a technique enabling in the area of language and music therapy with children attending the Foundation Report. Research is longitudinal because it analyzes the enabling of oral language through a period of time; crosscut is a cut because it makes time to analyze the phenomenon and analyzes os factors involved in the situation in a given time. professionals working in the institution and that are close to the area of language branches surveys were conducted, surveys were also conducted with representatives of children who are under study, from which a sample was taken by the inclusion criteria as patients who have understanding, having affinity with music and have a non-verbal communication; turn the exclusion criteria within which are autistic patients with hypersensitivity to sound, and patients who had symptoms of ASD, but they were not diagnosed.
One of the most common diseases in children is Autism consisting of a set of neurodevelopmental disorders, reflected in difficulty relating and communicating. When the communication deficit showing the child goes unnoticed by parents or people who are responsible are considered normal and are not brought to the therapist at an early age this becomes nonverbal autism. This paper explains the process of music therapy and its role as a technique of oral language during surgery. In which he worked to singing percussion system as a technique in music therapy. Singing percussion music therapy system is a motor and auditory training that is done with the sound of a pair of drums while the therapist introduces words or phrases in song. It is a research field that aims to describe the experimental work using a technique enabling in the area of language and music therapy with children attending the Foundation Report. Research is longitudinal because it analyzes the enabling of oral language through a period of time; crosscut is a cut because it makes time to analyze the phenomenon and analyzes os factors involved in the situation in a given time. professionals working in the institution and that are close to the area of language branches surveys were conducted, surveys were also conducted with representatives of children who are under study, from which a sample was taken by the inclusion criteria as patients who have understanding, having affinity with music and have a non-verbal communication; turn the exclusion criteria within which are autistic patients with hypersensitivity to sound, and patients who had symptoms of ASD, but they were not diagnosed.
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Musicoterapia, Trastorno del espectro autista, Pediatría, Fundación Comunicar, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Trastornos del desarrollo del lenguaje, Desarrollo del lenguaje