Prevalencia de hipoacusia en neonatos prematuros
Fecha
2023
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
La hipoacusia se define como la disminución de audición, esta a su vez puede ser unilateral o bilateral, sino
se trata a tiempo esta puede provocar trastornos auditivos y causar alguna alteración del desarrollo tanto a
nivel del lenguaje como cognitivo. El objetivo del estudio es determinar la prevalencia de la hipoacusia en
neonatos prematuros en el Hospital del Niño, Dr Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, en el área de audiología de
la misma entidad hospitalaria. La metodología del presente estudio es cuantitativa, con diseño no experimental,
descriptivo y transversal, el mismo se realizará en el área de audiología, en menores de un año, en el Hospital
del Niño, Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, siendo el universo del estudio 110 pacientes. Los resultados
obtenidos en lo que consiste a las pruebas de hipoacusia se obtuvieron los siguientes: un 60.91% a los
neonatos que presentan todas las frecuencias que pasaron la prueba de tamizaje auditivo, mientras que un
5.45% ambos oídos, 18.19% oído derecho y 15.45% oído izquierdo que corresponden a un resultado de
hipoacusia no definida. En conclusión, es requerido la revisión temprana para detectar la hipoacusia y la
prevalencia que tiene la misma en los neonatos recién nacidos, realizando pruebas de diagnósticos para
determinar el tipo de hipoacusia y el tratamiento respectivo de la misma, brindando el servicio auditivo
necesario para los neonatos tanto prematuros como los nacidos de forma normal.
Hearing loss is defined as a decrease in hearing, this in turn can be unilateral or bilateral, If not treated in time, this can cause hearing disorders and cause some alteration in development, both at the language and cognitive level. The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of hearing loss in premature neonates at the Hospital del Niño, Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, in the audiology area of the same hospital entity. The mythology of this study is quantitative, with a non-experimental, descriptive and cross-sectional design, it will be carried out in the audiology area, in less than a year, at the Hospital del Niño, Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, with universe of the study being 110 patients. The results obtained in what consist of hearing loss tests were accumulated as follows: 60.91% to neonates who presented all frequencies that passed, while 5.45% both ears, 18.19% right ears and 15.45% left ear that correspond to a result of undefined hearing loss. In conclusion, early review is required to detect hearing loss and its incidence in newborn infants, performing diagnostic tests to determine the type of hearing loss and itsrespective treatment, providing the necessary medical service for both preterm and normally born neonates.
Hearing loss is defined as a decrease in hearing, this in turn can be unilateral or bilateral, If not treated in time, this can cause hearing disorders and cause some alteration in development, both at the language and cognitive level. The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of hearing loss in premature neonates at the Hospital del Niño, Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, in the audiology area of the same hospital entity. The mythology of this study is quantitative, with a non-experimental, descriptive and cross-sectional design, it will be carried out in the audiology area, in less than a year, at the Hospital del Niño, Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, with universe of the study being 110 patients. The results obtained in what consist of hearing loss tests were accumulated as follows: 60.91% to neonates who presented all frequencies that passed, while 5.45% both ears, 18.19% right ears and 15.45% left ear that correspond to a result of undefined hearing loss. In conclusion, early review is required to detect hearing loss and its incidence in newborn infants, performing diagnostic tests to determine the type of hearing loss and itsrespective treatment, providing the necessary medical service for both preterm and normally born neonates.
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RECIEN NACIDO PREMATURO, AUDIOLOGIA, PERDIDA AUDITIVA SUBITA, HOSPITAL DEL NIÑO DR. FRANCISCO DE ICAZA BUSTAMANTE, CNATON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR