Factores de riesgo obstétrico y mortalidad neonatal, Hospital Esmeraldas Sur
Fecha
2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Los factores de riesgos obstétricos se presentan de diversas causas, la misma
permiten medir el grado de afectación y peligro hacia la mujer en periodo de gestación, y su
relación comprobada con la mortalidad perinatal. Es un indicador general de salud individual
y poblacional como incidencias y prevalencias en patologías materno fetal. Los factores de
riesgos obstétricos que influyen en la mortalidad neonatal suelen ser múltiples y dependen de
las condiciones de vida de la madre.
En la presente investigación se analizó factores de riesgo que influyen en las muertes
de los neonatos que fueron atendidos el primer semestre del 2017 en el Hospital provincial
Esmeraldas Sur, ubicado en la Provincia de Esmeraldas, cuyos indicadores dieron como
resultado un alto porcentaje del 30.8% de total Recién Nacidos fallecidos en relación a la
tasa de natalidad. Como Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, y
referencial de casos, y revisión de historias clínicas de madres que realizaron su labor de
parto en esta institución y tuvieron riesgos obstétricos, desde enero a junio 2017.
Para el análisis estadístico se utilizaron medidas de frecuencia para establecer la
influencia de factores de riesgo se recurre al método de tabulación de datos que permitió
sacar parámetros porcentuales de que causas son incidentes para que hayan ocurrido las
muertes neonatales. Discusión: Se encontró que la media de edad de las madres que
presentaron algún riesgo está comprendida entre 14 a 19 años, siendo el mayor porcentaje de
mujeres en edad de la adolescencia. Otro factor de que desencadena una preocupación en
salud es las condiciones socioeconómicas y culturales de nuestra Población materna, estos
parámetros que permitieron analizar la causa incidente de patologías asociadas a los estilos de
vida como referencia la hipertensión inducida en el embarazo eclampsia y pre eclampsia.
Obstetric risk factors arise from various causes, the same allow to measure the degree of affectation and danger towards the woman in gestation period, and its Proven relationship with perinatal mortality. It is a general indicator of individual health and population as incidences and prevalences in maternal fetal pathologies. The factors of obstetric risks that influence neonatal mortality are often multiple and depend on the living conditions of the mother. In the present investigation we analyzed risk factors that influence deaths of the neonates who were treated the first half of 2017 at the Provincial Hospital Esmeraldas Sur, located in the Province of Esmeraldas, whose indicators gave as result a high percentage of 30.8% of total Newborns deceased in relation to the birth rate As a Methodology: An observational, descriptive study, and Referential cases, and review of medical records of mothers who performed their work as delivery in this institution and had obstetric risks, from January to June 2017. For the statistical analysis, frequency measures were used to establish the influence of risk factors the method of data tabulation was used that allowed take percentage parameters of what causes are incidents so that the neonatal deaths Discussion: It was found that the average age of mothers who presented some risk is between 14 to 19 years, being the highest percentage of Women of teenage age. Another factor that triggers a concern in health is the socioeconomic and cultural conditions of our maternal population, these parameters that allowed analyzing the incident cause of pathologies associated with the styles of life as a reference induced hypertension in pregnancy eclampsia and pre eclampsia.
Obstetric risk factors arise from various causes, the same allow to measure the degree of affectation and danger towards the woman in gestation period, and its Proven relationship with perinatal mortality. It is a general indicator of individual health and population as incidences and prevalences in maternal fetal pathologies. The factors of obstetric risks that influence neonatal mortality are often multiple and depend on the living conditions of the mother. In the present investigation we analyzed risk factors that influence deaths of the neonates who were treated the first half of 2017 at the Provincial Hospital Esmeraldas Sur, located in the Province of Esmeraldas, whose indicators gave as result a high percentage of 30.8% of total Newborns deceased in relation to the birth rate As a Methodology: An observational, descriptive study, and Referential cases, and review of medical records of mothers who performed their work as delivery in this institution and had obstetric risks, from January to June 2017. For the statistical analysis, frequency measures were used to establish the influence of risk factors the method of data tabulation was used that allowed take percentage parameters of what causes are incidents so that the neonatal deaths Discussion: It was found that the average age of mothers who presented some risk is between 14 to 19 years, being the highest percentage of Women of teenage age. Another factor that triggers a concern in health is the socioeconomic and cultural conditions of our maternal population, these parameters that allowed analyzing the incident cause of pathologies associated with the styles of life as a reference induced hypertension in pregnancy eclampsia and pre eclampsia.
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Riesgo obstétrico, Factores de riesgo, Mortalidad infantil, Hospital Esmeraldas Sur, Cantón Esmeraldas, Ecuador