Conocimiento, actitudes y prácticas sobre hipotiroidismo congénito, medidas educativas y algorritmo diagnóstico - tratamiento
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2021
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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Debido al número de niños con diagnóstico tardío de Hipotiroidismo congénito, se requirió como objeto de estudio el Hipotiroidismo congénito y como campo de investigación establecer los Conocimientos, Actitudes y Prácticas sobre esta patología en los padres que atienden a sus hijos en el Hospital Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante y en los Responsables del Programa TAMEN de Coordinación zonal 8- Salud, realizado entre mayo y junio del 2019. Se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados: Metodología: Estudio de corte trasversal, de tipo descriptivo, no experimental. Resultados: Se destacan, en la encuesta a padres, que el 65% si conoce que es la Prueba de talón, y un 50% de ellos recibió algún tipo de información en unidades de salud, pero el 85% no conoce que patologías pesquisa la prueba, el 90% no sabe que es el Hipotiroidismo congénito; el 98% recomendaría hacer a otros niños esta prueba. Entre los resultados de la encuesta en el personal de salud, destacan: el 65% tiene concepto erróneo sobre la prueba de talón; el 100% tiene claro que es el Hipotiroidismo congénito, pero solo un 56.25% conoce por lo menos 3 signos o síntomas; el 12.5% siguen las recomendaciones de la Guía de práctica clínica del Hipotiroidismo congénito del MSP. Conclusiones: En este estudio resaltamos que los factores de riesgo asociados para mejorar los CAP en los padres o tutores, deben ir enfocados en mejorar los canales de información sobre la Prueba de talón y los beneficios de la misma; además de socializar la importancia del diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno del Hipotiroidismo congénito. En cuanto al personal de salud del primer y segundo nivel de atención del MSP, es importante seguir fomentando la realización de la Prueba del talón y de seguir los lineamientos de la Guía para esta patología del MSP del Ecuador, facilitando un Algoritmo, sencillo, comprensible, accesible para decidir oportunamente el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la misma
Due to the number of children with late diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism, congenital hypothyroidism was required as an object of study and as a field of research to establish the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices about this pathology in the parents who care for their children at the Hospital Dr. Francisco of Icaza Bustamante and in the Heads of the TAMEN 8-Health Zonal Coordination Program, carried out between May and June 2019. The following results were obtained: Methodology: Cross-sectional study, descriptive, non-experimental. Results: In the survey of parents, it is highlighted that 65% do know what the Heel Test is, and 50% of them received some type of information in health units, but 85% do not know what pathologies it is investigated. Test, 90% do not know what congenital hypothyroidism is; 98% would recommend doing this test for other children. Among the results of the survey in health personnel, the following stand out: 65% have a misconception about the heel test; 100% are clear that it is congenital hypothyroidism, but only 56.25% know at least 3 signs or symptoms; 12.5% follow the recommendations of the MSP's Congenital Hypothyroidism Clinic Practice Guide. Conclusions: In this study we highlight that the associated risk factors to improve CAP in parents or guardians should be focused on improving the information channels on the heel test and its benefits; in addition to socializing the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment of congenital hypothyroidism. As for the health personnel of the first and second level of attention of the MSP, it is important to continue promoting the performance of the Heel Test and to follow the guidelines of the Guide for this pathology of the MSP of Ecuador, providing a simple, understandable Algorithm, accessible to decide in a timely manner the diagnosis and treatment of the same.
Due to the number of children with late diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism, congenital hypothyroidism was required as an object of study and as a field of research to establish the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices about this pathology in the parents who care for their children at the Hospital Dr. Francisco of Icaza Bustamante and in the Heads of the TAMEN 8-Health Zonal Coordination Program, carried out between May and June 2019. The following results were obtained: Methodology: Cross-sectional study, descriptive, non-experimental. Results: In the survey of parents, it is highlighted that 65% do know what the Heel Test is, and 50% of them received some type of information in health units, but 85% do not know what pathologies it is investigated. Test, 90% do not know what congenital hypothyroidism is; 98% would recommend doing this test for other children. Among the results of the survey in health personnel, the following stand out: 65% have a misconception about the heel test; 100% are clear that it is congenital hypothyroidism, but only 56.25% know at least 3 signs or symptoms; 12.5% follow the recommendations of the MSP's Congenital Hypothyroidism Clinic Practice Guide. Conclusions: In this study we highlight that the associated risk factors to improve CAP in parents or guardians should be focused on improving the information channels on the heel test and its benefits; in addition to socializing the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment of congenital hypothyroidism. As for the health personnel of the first and second level of attention of the MSP, it is important to continue promoting the performance of the Heel Test and to follow the guidelines of the Guide for this pathology of the MSP of Ecuador, providing a simple, understandable Algorithm, accessible to decide in a timely manner the diagnosis and treatment of the same.
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HIPOTIROIDISMO CONGENITO, CONOCIMIENTOS, ACTITUDES Y PRACTICAS EN SALUD, PRUEBA DEL TALON, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, HOSPITAL DEL NIÑO FRANCISCO DE ICAZA BUSTAMANTE, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR