Prevalencia del síndrome de Hellp en pacientes con preeclampsia severa
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2023
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
Introducción: El Síndrome de Hellp (SH) es considerado como una complicación grave del embarazo y que está asociado al 70 y 80% de los casos de preeclampsia severa. El riesgo de desarrollar SH dentro de un embarazo oscila entre el 0,2 % y el 0,8 %, con una tasa de mortalidad del 0 al 24 %.
Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia del Síndrome de HELLP en gestantes con preeclampsia severa atendidas en el área de Ginecológica del Hospital de
Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo en el período enero 2020–diciembre 2021 Materiales y métodos: Es un estudio no experimental, de enfoque cualitativo, de corte transversal y retrospectivo, con una muestra de 143 pacientes con Preeclampsia severa que fueron atendidas durante el período de tiempo enero 2020 a diciembre 2021.
Resultados: Las características epidemiológicas que destacan son grupo edad promedio 26 años, grupo etario con más frecuencia de preeclampsia severa fue de 21 a 25 años, antecedentes de cesárea y multiparidad. Los factores de riesgo asociados a preeclampsia severa fueron sobrepeso y obesidad (76.9%) seguido de preeclampsia previa (62%) y embarazo gemelar (39%). El 62% (n=88) desarrolló Síndrome de Hellp.
Destacaron las características clínicas Escala de Mississippi I, Tennessee completa, náuseas, dolor en hipocondrio derecho, ictericia, y vómitos
Conclusiones: El SH en pacientes con preeclampsia severa tiene una frecuencia elevada, y entre los factores de riesgo para su desarrollo destacaron obesidad y sobrepeso, nuliparidad, antecedente de cesárea, edad entre 26 y 35 años.
Introduction: Hellp Syndrome (SH) is considered a serious complication of pregnancy and is associated with 70 and 80% of cases of severe reeclampsia. The risk of developing HS within a pregnancy range from 0.2% to 0.8%, with a mortality rate of 0 to 24%. Objective: To determine the prevalence of HELLP Syndrome in pregnant women with severe preeclampsia treated in the Gynecological area of the Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo in the period January 2020-December 2021. Materials and methods: It is a non-experimental study, with a qualitative approach, cross-sectional and retrospective, with a sample of 143 patients with severe Preeclampsia who were attended during the period of time from January 2020 to December 2021. Results: The epidemiological characteristics that stand out are the average age group 26 years, the age group with the most frequency of severe preeclampsia was 21 to 25 years, a history of cesarean section and multiparity. Risk factors associated with severe preeclampsia were overweight and obesity (76.9%) followed by twin pregnancy (39%). 62% (n=88) developed Hellp Syndrome. The clinical characteristics of the Mississippi Scale I, complete Tennessee, nausea, pain in the right ypochondrium, jaundice, and vomiting stood out. Conclusions: HS in patients with severe preeclampsia has a high frequency, and among the risk factors for its development, obesity and overweight, nulliparity, a history of cesarean section, age between 26 and 35 years stood out.
Introduction: Hellp Syndrome (SH) is considered a serious complication of pregnancy and is associated with 70 and 80% of cases of severe reeclampsia. The risk of developing HS within a pregnancy range from 0.2% to 0.8%, with a mortality rate of 0 to 24%. Objective: To determine the prevalence of HELLP Syndrome in pregnant women with severe preeclampsia treated in the Gynecological area of the Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo in the period January 2020-December 2021. Materials and methods: It is a non-experimental study, with a qualitative approach, cross-sectional and retrospective, with a sample of 143 patients with severe Preeclampsia who were attended during the period of time from January 2020 to December 2021. Results: The epidemiological characteristics that stand out are the average age group 26 years, the age group with the most frequency of severe preeclampsia was 21 to 25 years, a history of cesarean section and multiparity. Risk factors associated with severe preeclampsia were overweight and obesity (76.9%) followed by twin pregnancy (39%). 62% (n=88) developed Hellp Syndrome. The clinical characteristics of the Mississippi Scale I, complete Tennessee, nausea, pain in the right ypochondrium, jaundice, and vomiting stood out. Conclusions: HS in patients with severe preeclampsia has a high frequency, and among the risk factors for its development, obesity and overweight, nulliparity, a history of cesarean section, age between 26 and 35 years stood out.
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PREVALENCIA, SINDROME HELLP, EMBARAZO, PREECLAMPSIA, ESTUDIOS RETROSPECTIVOS, FACTORES DE RIESGO, HOSPITAL DE ESPECIALIDADES DR. TEODORO MALDONADO CARBO