Tabaquismo en pacientes con cáncer, Servicio de Neumología SOLCA Guayaquil, manual de cesación tabáquica
Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
El tabaquismo es actualmente un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial. Las personas
fumadoras son más propensas al cáncer, las cardiopatías y las enfermedades respiratorias, las
que constituyen un grupo importante de patologías que inciden en la alta tasa de morbilidad y
mortalidad. El objetivo general del estudio es identificar los pacientes con diagnóstico de
cáncer que tienen dependencia al tabaco y desean dejar de fumar en el Servicio de
Neumología de SOLCA. La metodología desarrollada en esta investigación es de tipo
cuantitativa, transversal, analítica, prospectiva. Se analizaron 175 historias clínicas de
pacientes oncológicos con antecedentes de tabaquismo, atendidos en la consulta externa del
Servicio de Neumología de SOLCA Guayaquil desde Enero a Junio 2016.Cuyo resultado es:
el 60 % de los pacientes tenían antecedentes de tabaquismo, el 63% de género masculino y el
37% género femenino fuman, el 93% de los pacientes desean dejar de fumar y el 86%
desconoce cómo hacerlo. Conclusiones: En SOLCA, el paciente fumador ya tiene un
diagnóstico de cáncer por lo tanto necesita ayuda para cesar de fumar, porque traería
complicaciones durante su tratamiento oncológico, mejoraría su calidad de vida y disminuiría
la posibilidad de desarrollar un segundo tumor primario. Existe un tratamiento clínicamente
efectivo, todo fumador que desee dejar de fumar debe recibir el tratamiento.
Smoking is now a public health problem worldwide. Smokers are more prone to cancer, heart disease and respiratory diseases, which constitute an important group of diseases that, affect the high rate of morbidity and mortality. The overall objective of the study is to identify patients diagnosed with cancer who have dependence snuff and want to quit smoking in the respiratory unit of SOLCA. The methodology developed in this research is quantitative, transversal, analytical, prospective rate. 60% of patients had a history of smoking, 63 %of 175 medical records of cancer patients with a history of smoking, treated at the outpatient Pneumology Service SOLCA Guayaquil from January to June 2016 were analyzed resulting in male and 37% female smokers, 93% of patients want to quit smoking. Conclusions: In SOLCA, the patient smoker and has a cancer diagnosis therefore needs assistance to stop smoking, because it would bring complications during cancer treatment, improve their quality of life and decrease the chance of developing a second primary tumor. There is a clinically effective treatment, all smokers want to quit should receive treatment
Smoking is now a public health problem worldwide. Smokers are more prone to cancer, heart disease and respiratory diseases, which constitute an important group of diseases that, affect the high rate of morbidity and mortality. The overall objective of the study is to identify patients diagnosed with cancer who have dependence snuff and want to quit smoking in the respiratory unit of SOLCA. The methodology developed in this research is quantitative, transversal, analytical, prospective rate. 60% of patients had a history of smoking, 63 %of 175 medical records of cancer patients with a history of smoking, treated at the outpatient Pneumology Service SOLCA Guayaquil from January to June 2016 were analyzed resulting in male and 37% female smokers, 93% of patients want to quit smoking. Conclusions: In SOLCA, the patient smoker and has a cancer diagnosis therefore needs assistance to stop smoking, because it would bring complications during cancer treatment, improve their quality of life and decrease the chance of developing a second primary tumor. There is a clinically effective treatment, all smokers want to quit should receive treatment
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Palabras clave
Neoplasias, Tabaquismo, Manuales de salud, Hospital SOLCA de Guayaquil, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador