Embarazos en adolescentes menores de 17 años atendidas en Hospital de la Seguridad Social del cantón Durán, propuesta de medidas de prevención
Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
El embarazo en adolescentes considerado como un problema importante de Salud pública y lso factores de riesgo que se atribuyen, principalmente a la condición de la mujer. Objetivo: determinar lo embarazos en adolescente menores de 17 años atendidas en el hospital Básico IESS del cantón Durán, propuesta de medidas de prevención. Metodología: investigación cualitativa, método de estudio de caso realizado en 35 adolescentes sobre los factores social, cultural, educativo y económico que se inciden en el embarazo. Resultados: Han sido embarazadas uno de ocho entrevistadas y la mitad expresó que tiene algún conocimiento de complicaciones, siendo los problemas al nacer, pérdida de su vida, complicaciones familiares como el rechazo, no completar sus estudios, separaciones. La edad de inicio de las relaciones sexuales nueve de cada diez fue a los 17 años; mayormente utilizan el condón como método anticonceptivo. El amyor porcentaje percibe a su familia como funcional, pero cuando surge un embarazo en las adolescentes sienten que existe una transformación en la familia generando cambios importantes en el funcionamiento. Conclusión: se revisaron los factores sociales, culturales, educativos y económicos; considerando al conocimiento e identidad sobre el proceso de desarrollo de la adolescencia y la información en el embarazo en la adolescencia, la recibieron en el Colegio y la Familia. Los métodos para prevenir un embarazo han utilizado el preservativo y anticonceptivos orales. Siendo los probables problemas en el nacimiento. Con este estudio se plantea las medidas de prevención y desarrollar mecanismos protectores para evitar los embarazos en la adolescencia que se deben iniciar antes de que se manifiesten los cambios en los factores sociales, culturales, educativos y precisamente cuando está en pleno proceso las capacidades cognitivas previo a la adolescencia
Pregnancy in adolescents considered as an important public health problem and the risk factors attributed, mainly to the condition of the woman. Objective: to determine the pregnancies in adolescents under 17 years of age attended in the IESS Basic hospital of the Durán canton, proposal of prevention measures. Methodology: qualitative research, case study method conducted in 35 adolescents on the social, cultural, educational and economic factors that affect pregnancy. Results: One of eight respondents have been pregnant and half said they have some knowledge of complications, being problems at birth, loss of life, family complications such as rejection, not completing their studies, separations. The age of onset of sexual relations nine out of ten was 17 years old; They mostly use the condom as a contraceptive method. The higher percentage perceives their family as functional, but when a pregnancy arises in adolescents they feel that there is a transformation in the family generating important changes in functioning. Conclusion: social, cultural, educational and economic factors were reviewed; considering the knowledge and identity about the process of development of adolescence and information in teenage pregnancy, they received it in the College and Family. Methods to prevent pregnancy have used condoms and oral contraceptives. Being the probable problems at birth. With this study the prevention measures and develop protective mechanisms to avoid teenage pregnancies that must be initiated before the changes in social, cultural, educational factors and precisely when the previous cognitive abilities are in the process are underway to adolescence
Pregnancy in adolescents considered as an important public health problem and the risk factors attributed, mainly to the condition of the woman. Objective: to determine the pregnancies in adolescents under 17 years of age attended in the IESS Basic hospital of the Durán canton, proposal of prevention measures. Methodology: qualitative research, case study method conducted in 35 adolescents on the social, cultural, educational and economic factors that affect pregnancy. Results: One of eight respondents have been pregnant and half said they have some knowledge of complications, being problems at birth, loss of life, family complications such as rejection, not completing their studies, separations. The age of onset of sexual relations nine out of ten was 17 years old; They mostly use the condom as a contraceptive method. The higher percentage perceives their family as functional, but when a pregnancy arises in adolescents they feel that there is a transformation in the family generating important changes in functioning. Conclusion: social, cultural, educational and economic factors were reviewed; considering the knowledge and identity about the process of development of adolescence and information in teenage pregnancy, they received it in the College and Family. Methods to prevent pregnancy have used condoms and oral contraceptives. Being the probable problems at birth. With this study the prevention measures and develop protective mechanisms to avoid teenage pregnancies that must be initiated before the changes in social, cultural, educational factors and precisely when the previous cognitive abilities are in the process are underway to adolescence
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Embarazo en adolescencia, Anticonceptivos, Medicina preventiva, Programas educativos, Hospital Básico IESS Durán, Cantón Durán, Ecuador