Conducta suicida tras abuso sexual en niños y adolescentes: frecuencia y factores de riesgo
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2023
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La conducta suicida se define como “toda acción producida con el propósito explícito o implícito de quitarse la vida, que incluye cualquier intención, ideación o pensamiento que puede finalizar en la muerte”. El estudio del comportamiento suicida enmarca principalmente tres conceptos: ideación suicida, intento suicida y suicidio; OBJETIVO: Establecer la frecuencia de casos de conducta suicida en menores de edad con antecedente referido de abuso sexual en su historial, atendidos en el Instituto de Neurociencias entre agosto del 2018 y julio del 2021, a fin de identificar potenciales factores asociados a dicha entidad. METODOLOGIA: Se trata de un estudio correlacional, analítico, de planteamiento retrospectivo y recuperación prospectiva. La unidad de análisis es el Instituto de Neurociencias de la Junta de Beneficencia de Guayaquil, en el periodo del 1 de agosto del 2018 al 30 de julio del 2021. En pacientes de ambos sexos, menores de edad, con conducta suicida que registren antecedente de abuso sexual.
RESULTADOS: Se encontró una prevalencia de conducta suicida en el 10.9%, con una mayor prevalencia en las mujeres. Se reportó una prevalencia de abuso sexual en 11.4%, con una mayor prevalencia en el sexo femenino, (28.5% en mujeres vs 6.3% en hombres). El antecedente de abuso sexual se catalogó de forma estadísticamente significativa como factor de riesgo para conducta suicida en niños y adolescentes, OR 535 (IC 95% 70-8-4039).
Suicidal behavior is defined as "any action produced with the explicit or implicit purpose of taking one's own life, including any intention, ideation, or thought that may end in death." The study of suicidal behavior mainly frames three concepts: suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and suicide; OBJECTIVE: To establish the frequency of cases of suicidal behavior in minors with a history of sexual abuse, attended at the Institute of Neurosciences between August, 2018 and July, 2021, in order to identify potential factors associated with this entity. METHODOLOGY: This is a correlational, analytical, retrospective approach and prospective recovery study. The analysis unit is the Institute of Neurosciences of the Board of Beneficence of Guayaquil, in the period from August 1st, 2018 to July 30, 2021. In patients of both sexes, minors, with suicidal behavior who register a history of sexual abuse. RESULTS: A prevalence of suicidal behavior was reported in 10.9%, with a higher prevalence in women. A prevalence of sexual abuse of 11.4% was reported, with a higher prevalence in the female sex, (28.5% in women vs. 6.3% in men). A history of sexual abuse was classified as a statistically significant risk factor for suicidal behavior in children and adolescents, OR 535 (95% CI 70-8-4039).
Suicidal behavior is defined as "any action produced with the explicit or implicit purpose of taking one's own life, including any intention, ideation, or thought that may end in death." The study of suicidal behavior mainly frames three concepts: suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and suicide; OBJECTIVE: To establish the frequency of cases of suicidal behavior in minors with a history of sexual abuse, attended at the Institute of Neurosciences between August, 2018 and July, 2021, in order to identify potential factors associated with this entity. METHODOLOGY: This is a correlational, analytical, retrospective approach and prospective recovery study. The analysis unit is the Institute of Neurosciences of the Board of Beneficence of Guayaquil, in the period from August 1st, 2018 to July 30, 2021. In patients of both sexes, minors, with suicidal behavior who register a history of sexual abuse. RESULTS: A prevalence of suicidal behavior was reported in 10.9%, with a higher prevalence in women. A prevalence of sexual abuse of 11.4% was reported, with a higher prevalence in the female sex, (28.5% in women vs. 6.3% in men). A history of sexual abuse was classified as a statistically significant risk factor for suicidal behavior in children and adolescents, OR 535 (95% CI 70-8-4039).
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ABUSO SEXUAL INFANTIL, PEDIATRIA, ADOLESCENTE, FACTORES DE RIESGO, ESTUDIOS RETROSPECTIVOS, INSTITUTO DE NEUROCIENCIAS, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR, CONDUCTA SUICIDA, TRAUMA SEXUAL