Incidencia de fiebre tifoidea en personas mayores de 20 años en el cantón Lomas de Sargentillo - Provincia del Guayas periodo 2003
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2004
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
La fiebre tifoidea es ocasionada por un bacilo gram negativo llamado salmonella typhi.
La incidencia de la enfermedad aumenta en lugares donde el desarrollo de medidas sanitarias no obedecen al rápido crecimiento urbano. El cultivo de arroz, frutas y vegetales lavados con agua de río contaminada, leche y productos lácteos contaminados por manos de transportistas, mariscos de agua costera contaminada.
La organización mundial de la salud estima que en todo el mundo existen 16 millones de casos de fiebre tifoidea anual y muchas infecciones subclínicas. Esto causa aproximadamente 600 mil muertes anuales en todo el mundo.
En el Cantón Lomas de Sargentillo, provincia del Guayas ubicado a 45 Km de Guayaquil realice un estudio a 150 personas sospechosas de fiebre tifoidea mayores de 20 años, se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados:
Casos positivos 52 personas con un porcentaje de 34,67%
Casos negativos 98 personas con un porcentaje de 65,33%
Se observó que en la edad 31-35 años con un 28,24% presenta con mayor frecuencia.
26-30 años con un 23,08%
20-25 años con un 15,4%
36-40 años con un 13,46%
El resto disminuyo notablemente
Se trabajó con 150 pacientes :
(20-25)..............15%
(26-30)..............25%
(31-35)..............31%
(36-40)..............13%
(41-45)..............10%
(46-50)..............5%
Según el sexo de las personas se obtuvieron los siguientes datos:
Sexo masculino con un 80,7%
Sexo femenino con un 19,3%
Resultados de 150 pacientes: sexo masculino 72.7%
Sexo femenino 27.3%
Según los meses de invierno se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados:
Mayor incidencia se observó en el mes de febrero con un 34,6% seguido de marzo con un 28,8% luego el mes de abril con un 17,3% luego mayo con un 11,7% enero con un 7,6%.
Se trabajó con 150 pacientes: Enero....................16%
Febrero................ 31%
Marzo.................. 24%
Abril.................... 18%
Mayo................... 17%
Según titulaciones de 52 pacientes:
3 casos..............1/80 (O)..................5,7%
18 casos........... 1/160 (O)................34,7%
31 casos........... 1/320 (O)................59,9%
5 casos............ 1/40 (H)............9,5%
2 casos............ 1/80 (H)............3,8%
15 casos.......... 1/160 (H).........28,8%
30 casos.......... 1/320 (H).........57,7%
Se presentó con más frecuencia en las personas que se alimentan fuera de casa con un 71,2% respecto al 28,8% que comen en su casa.
Resultados de 150 pacientes:
Domicilio........... 25,3%
fuera de casa ......74,7%
Predominó el síntoma fiebre con un 61,1% y luego las personas que no presentaban fiebre con un 38,9%.
150 pacientes arrojaron los siguientes resultados:
fiebre............56,6%
no fiebre.......43,3%
Prevaleció el síntoma diarrea con un 65,4% y las personas que no tenían diarrea con un 34,6%.
150 pacientes tratados:
diarrea..................58%
no diarrea.............42%
Con más frecuencia se presentó en los pacientes que tenían cefalea, con un 71,1% luego los que no tenían cefalea con un 28,9%.
Resultados de 150 pacientes:
Cefalea.............54%
No cefalea.........46%
The typhoid fever is caused by a bacillus gram negative called salmonella typhi. The incidence of the illness increases in places where the development of sanitary measures doesn't obey the quick urban growth. The cultivation of rice, fruits and vegetables laundries with contaminated river water, milk and milky products contaminated by hands of transport, shellfish of polluted coastal water. The world organization of the health estimates that in the entire world 16 million cases of fever typhoid annual and many infections subclínicas exist. This causes 600 thousand annual deaths approximately in the entire world. In the Canton Hills of Sargentillo, county of the Guayas located to 45 Km of Guayaquil carries out a study to 150 suspicious people of typhoid fever bigger than 20 years, the following results were obtained: Cases positive 52 people with a percentage of 34,67% Cases negative 98 people with a percentage of 65,33% It was observed that in the age 31-35 years with 28,24% it presents with more frequency. 26-30 years with 23,08% 20-25 years with 15,4% 36-40 years with 13,46% The rest diminishes notably One worked with 150 patients: (20-25)............ ..15% (26-30)............ ..25% (31-35)............ ..31% (36-40)............ ..13% (41-45)............ ..10% (46-50).........…. ..5% According to the sex of people the following data were obtained: Masculine sex with 80,7% Feminine sex with 19,3% 150 patients' results: sex masculine 72.7% Sex feminine 27.3% According to the months of winter the following results were obtained: Bigger incidence was observed in the month of February with 34,6% followed by March with 28,8% then the month of April with 17,3% then May with 11,7% January with 7,6%. One worked with 150 patients: January.................... 16% February.............. 31% March.................. 24% April.................... 18% May...............….. 17% According to 52 patients' titulaciones: 3 cases............ ..1/80 (O)................. .5,7% 18 cases........... 1/160 (O)............... .34,7% 31 cases........... 1/320 (O)............... .59,9% 5 cases............ 1/40 (H)......... ...9,5% 2 cases............ 1/80 (H)......... ...3,8% 15 cases.......... 1/160 (H)....... ...28,8% 30 cases.......... 1/320 (H)....... ...57,7% It was presented with more frequency in people than they feed outside of house with 71,2% regarding 28,8% that you/they eat in their house. 150 patients' results: I domicile.....…....... 25,3% outside of house... ...74,7% The symptom fever prevailed with 61,1% and then people that didn't present fever with 38,9%. 150 patients threw the following results: fever....…... ...56,6% non fever...... .43,3% The symptom diarrhea prevailed with 65,4% and people that didn't have diarrhea with 34,6%. 150 patients treaties: diarrhea................ ...58% non diarrhea......... ...42% With more frequency it was presented in the patients that had migraine, with 71,1% then those that didn't have migraine with 28,9%. 150 patients' results: Migraine.......….... .54% Non migraine...... ...46%
The typhoid fever is caused by a bacillus gram negative called salmonella typhi. The incidence of the illness increases in places where the development of sanitary measures doesn't obey the quick urban growth. The cultivation of rice, fruits and vegetables laundries with contaminated river water, milk and milky products contaminated by hands of transport, shellfish of polluted coastal water. The world organization of the health estimates that in the entire world 16 million cases of fever typhoid annual and many infections subclínicas exist. This causes 600 thousand annual deaths approximately in the entire world. In the Canton Hills of Sargentillo, county of the Guayas located to 45 Km of Guayaquil carries out a study to 150 suspicious people of typhoid fever bigger than 20 years, the following results were obtained: Cases positive 52 people with a percentage of 34,67% Cases negative 98 people with a percentage of 65,33% It was observed that in the age 31-35 years with 28,24% it presents with more frequency. 26-30 years with 23,08% 20-25 years with 15,4% 36-40 years with 13,46% The rest diminishes notably One worked with 150 patients: (20-25)............ ..15% (26-30)............ ..25% (31-35)............ ..31% (36-40)............ ..13% (41-45)............ ..10% (46-50).........…. ..5% According to the sex of people the following data were obtained: Masculine sex with 80,7% Feminine sex with 19,3% 150 patients' results: sex masculine 72.7% Sex feminine 27.3% According to the months of winter the following results were obtained: Bigger incidence was observed in the month of February with 34,6% followed by March with 28,8% then the month of April with 17,3% then May with 11,7% January with 7,6%. One worked with 150 patients: January.................... 16% February.............. 31% March.................. 24% April.................... 18% May...............….. 17% According to 52 patients' titulaciones: 3 cases............ ..1/80 (O)................. .5,7% 18 cases........... 1/160 (O)............... .34,7% 31 cases........... 1/320 (O)............... .59,9% 5 cases............ 1/40 (H)......... ...9,5% 2 cases............ 1/80 (H)......... ...3,8% 15 cases.......... 1/160 (H)....... ...28,8% 30 cases.......... 1/320 (H)....... ...57,7% It was presented with more frequency in people than they feed outside of house with 71,2% regarding 28,8% that you/they eat in their house. 150 patients' results: I domicile.....…....... 25,3% outside of house... ...74,7% The symptom fever prevailed with 61,1% and then people that didn't present fever with 38,9%. 150 patients threw the following results: fever....…... ...56,6% non fever...... .43,3% The symptom diarrhea prevailed with 65,4% and people that didn't have diarrhea with 34,6%. 150 patients treaties: diarrhea................ ...58% non diarrhea......... ...42% With more frequency it was presented in the patients that had migraine, with 71,1% then those that didn't have migraine with 28,9%. 150 patients' results: Migraine.......….... .54% Non migraine...... ...46%
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FIEBRE TIFOIDEA, SALMONELOSIS