Uso adecuado de métodos anticonceptivos en adolescentes, plan educativo
Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La falta de conocimiento y comunicación del uso de métodos anticonceptivos ocasiona un alto índice de embarazos en las adolescentes, que se enmarca en los factores económicos, sociales, educativos, demográficos y de salud; debido a un estilo de vida desordenado, desconocimiento sobre educación sexual, sus causas y efectos, la falta de dialogo entre padres e hijos, centros educativos que no brindan suficiente información sobre embarazos a temprana edad, por tal razón se plantea un plan educativo para reducir embarazos en adolescentes mediante el conocimiento del uso de métodos anticonceptivos en el sub-centro de salud Cuba Libre 24HD, es importante coordinar con el equipo de salud para ejecutar las acciones de acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos en la investigación, se utilizara el enfoque metodológico cualitativo, utilizando el método de estudio de casos del cual se permitirá determinar factores importantes a considerar mediante interpretación de entrevistas y guías de observación, en la propuesta se enfatiza que para evitar el incremento de embarazadas adolescentes, es preciso implementar una guía de trabajo pedagógica que colabore en forma reflexiva y valorativa sobre el uso adecuado de métodos anticonceptivos en los adolescentes, y motivarlos a que se conduzcan por una elección acertada al mantener relaciones sexuales. Los resultados permitieron identificar que el 69,69% de los adolescentes no tienen conocimiento sobre los métodos anticonceptivos, por otra parte se estableció que el promedio de edad de las adolescentes embarazadas es de 16 años lo que puede influenciar en el incremento de embarazo ya que puede tener relaciones sexuales sin la debida protección anticonceptiva. Por otra parte el grado de escolaridad con mayor porcentaje es de educación básica con un 52,50% lo que desencadena los embarazos precoces, también se refleja con un 55% la falta de comunicación entre padres e hijos sobre temas sexualidad.
The lack of knowledge and communication of contraceptive use causes a high rate of teenage pregnancy, which is part of the economic, social, educational, demographic and health factors; due to a style of disordered life, ignorance about sexual education, its causes and effects, lack of dialogue between parents and children, schools that do not provide sufficient information on early pregnancy, for that reason an educational plan is proposed to reduce teenage pregnancy through knowledge of contraceptive use in sub-health center Cuba Libre 24HD, it is important to coordinate with the health team to perform the actions according to the results of research, qualitative methodological approach was used using the method of case study which will be allowed to determine important factors to consider by interpreting interviews and observation guides, the proposal emphasizes that to avoid the increase of pregnant adolescents, must implement a guide educational work to collaborate in reflective and evaluative way about the proper use of contraceptive methods in adolescents, and encourage them to be lead by a wise choice to have sex. The results helped identify the 69.69 % of teens have no knowledge about contraceptive methods, on the other hand it was established that the average age of pregnant teenagers is 16.5 years which can influence the increase in pregnancy because you can have sex without proper contraceptive protection. Moreover, the educational level is the highest percentage of basic education with a 52.50 % which triggers early pregnancy, also reflected a 55 % lack of communication between parents and children about sexuality issues.
The lack of knowledge and communication of contraceptive use causes a high rate of teenage pregnancy, which is part of the economic, social, educational, demographic and health factors; due to a style of disordered life, ignorance about sexual education, its causes and effects, lack of dialogue between parents and children, schools that do not provide sufficient information on early pregnancy, for that reason an educational plan is proposed to reduce teenage pregnancy through knowledge of contraceptive use in sub-health center Cuba Libre 24HD, it is important to coordinate with the health team to perform the actions according to the results of research, qualitative methodological approach was used using the method of case study which will be allowed to determine important factors to consider by interpreting interviews and observation guides, the proposal emphasizes that to avoid the increase of pregnant adolescents, must implement a guide educational work to collaborate in reflective and evaluative way about the proper use of contraceptive methods in adolescents, and encourage them to be lead by a wise choice to have sex. The results helped identify the 69.69 % of teens have no knowledge about contraceptive methods, on the other hand it was established that the average age of pregnant teenagers is 16.5 years which can influence the increase in pregnancy because you can have sex without proper contraceptive protection. Moreover, the educational level is the highest percentage of basic education with a 52.50 % which triggers early pregnancy, also reflected a 55 % lack of communication between parents and children about sexuality issues.
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Adolescente, Anticonceptivos, Planes y programas de salud, Subcentro de Salud Cuba 24D, Cantón Manta, Ecuador, Programas educativos