Factores psicológicos, educativos y socioculturales que influyen en el embarazo en adolescentes
Fecha
2020
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Antecedentes. El embarazo en la adolescencia es un problema de salud debido a sus
riesgos y complicaciones que esto conlleva. Objetivo. Determinar los factores
psicológicos, educativos, y socio-culturales que influyen en el embarazo en adolescentes
atendidas en la Unidad de Salud “Mariuxi Febres Cordero” del Guasmo sur de Guayaquil,
durante junio a agosto 2019. Metodología. No experimental, transversal, correlacional, en
53 adolescentes embarazadas, realizándoles una encuesta. Resultados. Mayormente fueron
entre 16 a 18 años con 71,70%, predominante de 18 años con 30.19%; 63.5% son unión
libre, seguido del 34.6% solteras; 71.7% tiene instrucción secundaria. La edad promedio de
la primera relación sexual fue a los 15 años de edad. En factores psicológicos, 26% recibió
maltrato, y el tipo 26.4% fue emocional, y 73.6% no recibió maltrato. La autoestima
mayormente fue moderada con 66,04, existiendo comunicación con la familia del 69,81%
y comunicación con la pareja del 60,38%. De factores educativos, 54.7% no conocen sobre
planificación familiar, saben de riesgos por embarazo precoz 73.6%. Factores socio-
culturales, conversan con su familia, el 66% respondieron “a veces. 62.3% dijo Si tener
información sobre salud sexual y reproductiva, conviven 37.7% con padres y hermanos,
28.3% con la pareja, el 24.5% con los padres y pareja. 79.3% no consume drogas y 88.7%
no consume alcohol; y existe relación entre la variable instrucción y conocimiento de los
riesgos por embarazo precoz con un valor p menor al 0.05. Conclusiones. Existe relación
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entre los factores psicológicos, educativos, y socio-culturales que influyen en el embarazo
en las adolescent
Background. Pregnancy in adolescence is a health problem due to its risks and complications that this entails. Objective. Determine the psychological, educational, and socio-cultural factors that influence pregnancy in adolescents treated in the Mariuxi Febres Cordero Health Unit of the South Guasmo of Guayaquil, during june a august 2019. Methodology. Non-experimental, cross-sectional, correlational, in 54 pregnant adolescents, conducting a survey. Results. Mostly they were between 16 and 18 years old with 71.70%, predominantly 18 years old with 30.19%; 63.5% are free union, followed by 34.6% single; 71.7% have secondary education. The average age of the first sexual intercourse was 15 years old. In psychological factors, 26% received abuse, and the type 26.4% was emotional, and 73.6% did not receive abuse. Self-esteem was mostly moderated with 66.04, with communication with the family of 69.81% and communication with the couple of 60.38%. Of educational factors, 54.7% do not know about family planning, they know about risks due to early pregnancy 73.6%. Socio-cultural factors, talk with his family, 66% responded “sometimes. 62.3% said If they have information about sexual and reproductive health, 37.7% live with parents and siblings, 28.3% with the couple, 24.5% with the x parents and the couple. 79.3% do not use drugs and 88.7% do not consume alcohol; and there is a relationship between the variable instruction and knowledge of the risks of early pregnancy with a p-value less than 0.05. Conclusions. There is a relationship between psychological, educational, and socio-cultural factors that influence teenage pregna
Background. Pregnancy in adolescence is a health problem due to its risks and complications that this entails. Objective. Determine the psychological, educational, and socio-cultural factors that influence pregnancy in adolescents treated in the Mariuxi Febres Cordero Health Unit of the South Guasmo of Guayaquil, during june a august 2019. Methodology. Non-experimental, cross-sectional, correlational, in 54 pregnant adolescents, conducting a survey. Results. Mostly they were between 16 and 18 years old with 71.70%, predominantly 18 years old with 30.19%; 63.5% are free union, followed by 34.6% single; 71.7% have secondary education. The average age of the first sexual intercourse was 15 years old. In psychological factors, 26% received abuse, and the type 26.4% was emotional, and 73.6% did not receive abuse. Self-esteem was mostly moderated with 66.04, with communication with the family of 69.81% and communication with the couple of 60.38%. Of educational factors, 54.7% do not know about family planning, they know about risks due to early pregnancy 73.6%. Socio-cultural factors, talk with his family, 66% responded “sometimes. 62.3% said If they have information about sexual and reproductive health, 37.7% live with parents and siblings, 28.3% with the couple, 24.5% with the x parents and the couple. 79.3% do not use drugs and 88.7% do not consume alcohol; and there is a relationship between the variable instruction and knowledge of the risks of early pregnancy with a p-value less than 0.05. Conclusions. There is a relationship between psychological, educational, and socio-cultural factors that influence teenage pregna
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FACTORES DE RIESGO, EMBARAZO EN ADOLESCENCIA, CENTRO DE SALUD MARIUXI FEBRES CORDERO, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR