Hiperbilirrubinemia, factor de riesgo y complicaciones en neonatos en el Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón, período enero 2014 - enero 2016
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
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INTRODUCCIÓN: La hiperbilirrubinemia neonatal se manifiesta como la coloración amarillenta de la piel y mucosas que refleja un desequilibrio temporal entre la producción y la eliminación de bilirrubina. Las causas de ictericia neonatal son múltiples y producen hiperbilirrubinemia directa, indirecta o combinada, de severidad variable.
La hiperbilirrubinemia neonatal es un problema frecuente en todo el mundo, se caracteriza por una concentración sérica de bilirrubina mayor de 1.5 mg. Es ocasionada casi siempre por elevación de bilirrubina indirecta; causa importante de readmisiones a unidades neonatales. La etiología incluye diferentes factores del recién nacido, de la madre o de ambos, las que pueden ser serias e incapacitantes. A pesar de los recientes avances en el tratamiento de este problema, la toxicidad en el sistema nervioso causada por la bilirrubina es aún una importante amenaza, y tanto el kernícterus como las alteraciones auditivas son secuelas graves, y muchas veces incapacitantes, que aún se siguen observando.
OBJETIVO: El objetivo de esta investigación será conocer los factores de riesgos y complicaciones vinculados a la hiperbilirrubinemia neonatal en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales del Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón en el periodo Enero 2.014 - Enero 2.016, aplicando un estudio de corte transversal, descriptivo y retrospectivo.
MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio de corte transversal, descriptivo y retrospectivo. La información se obtendrá de historias clínicas de los pacientes en estudio, la misma que será recolectada en una ficha de datos diseñada por la investigadora, en la que se incluirán las diferentes variables de estudio
CONCLUSIONES: Los factores de riesgo asociados más frecuentes de la hiperbilirrubinemia indirecta en neonatos son: edad gestacional menor de 35 semanas, alimentación del seno materno exclusivo, sepsis. La edad de aparición de ictericia en promedio 4.5 +/- 2.2 días de nacido.
INTRODUCTION: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia manifests as yellowing of the skin and mucous reflecting a temporary imbalance between production and elimination of bilirubin. The causes of neonatal jaundice are multiple and produce direct, indirect or combined, of varying severity hyperbilirubinemia. Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a common problem worldwide, is characterized by a serum bilirubin greater than 1.5 mg. It is almost always caused by elevated indirect bilirubin; readmissions important cause of neonatal units. The etiology includes different factors newborn, mother or both, which can be serious and disabling. Despite recent advances in the treatment of this problem, toxicity in the nervous system caused by bilirubin it is still a major threat, and both kernicterus as hearing disorders are serious consequences, and often incapacitating, still remain watching. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research will be to understand the risk factors and complications linked to neonatal hyperbilirrubinemia in Unit Neonatal Intensive Care Specialist Hospital Dr. Abel Gilbert Ponton in the period January 2014 - January 2016, a study by applying cutting transversal, descriptive and retrospective. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive and retrospective court. The information will be obtained from medical records of patients in the study, the same that will be collected in a data sheet designed by the researcher, in which the different study variables included CONCLUSIONS: Risk Factors Associated Frequently indirect hyperbilirubinemia in neonates son: Gestational age less than 35 weeks, exclusive breast- Food, sepsis. The age of onset of jaundice on average 4.5 +/- 2.2 days old
INTRODUCTION: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia manifests as yellowing of the skin and mucous reflecting a temporary imbalance between production and elimination of bilirubin. The causes of neonatal jaundice are multiple and produce direct, indirect or combined, of varying severity hyperbilirubinemia. Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a common problem worldwide, is characterized by a serum bilirubin greater than 1.5 mg. It is almost always caused by elevated indirect bilirubin; readmissions important cause of neonatal units. The etiology includes different factors newborn, mother or both, which can be serious and disabling. Despite recent advances in the treatment of this problem, toxicity in the nervous system caused by bilirubin it is still a major threat, and both kernicterus as hearing disorders are serious consequences, and often incapacitating, still remain watching. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research will be to understand the risk factors and complications linked to neonatal hyperbilirrubinemia in Unit Neonatal Intensive Care Specialist Hospital Dr. Abel Gilbert Ponton in the period January 2014 - January 2016, a study by applying cutting transversal, descriptive and retrospective. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive and retrospective court. The information will be obtained from medical records of patients in the study, the same that will be collected in a data sheet designed by the researcher, in which the different study variables included CONCLUSIONS: Risk Factors Associated Frequently indirect hyperbilirubinemia in neonates son: Gestational age less than 35 weeks, exclusive breast- Food, sepsis. The age of onset of jaundice on average 4.5 +/- 2.2 days old
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RECIEN NACIDO, HIPERBILIRRUBINEMIA, ICTERICIA NEONATAL, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, ESTUDIOS RETROSPECTIVOS, UNIDADES DE CUIDADO INTENSIVO NEONATAL, HOSPITAL DE ESPECIALIDADES GUAYAQUIL DR. ABEL GILBERT PONTON, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR, COMPLICACIONES