Enfermedades respiratorias agudas y estado nutricional de menores de 5 años, Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil
Fecha
2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
El estado nutricional de los niños está intrínsecamente relacionado con el crecimiento y
desarrollo en las distintas etapas de la vida y debe evaluarse integralmente considerando el
crecimiento armónico en relación con la nutrición, Muchas son las causas que en forma
directa e indirecta contribuyen a la existencia de los problemas nutricionales, entre estas,
como causas directas, el consumo de una dieta inadecuada y la presencia de infecciones que
interfieren con la utilización adecuada de los nutrientes, como las enfermedades del tracto
respiratorio que en los infantes constituye la primer causa de morbilidad, el objetivo de este
estudio está orientado a determinar la relación entre enfermedad respiratoria aguda y el
estado nutricional de los menores de 5 años atendidos en el hospital universitario en el
periodo de enero a diciembre del año 2016, por medio de un estudio metodológico de tipo
descriptivo, retrospectivo, Obteniendo como resultado la presencia de 238 pacientes con
diagnóstico de enfermedades respiratorias, como bronquitis 28%, IRA-Sepsis 16%, afectando
principalmente a menores de grupo etario de 0 a 11 meses con el 53%, el sexo predominante
el masculino con una razón de 1,60 hombres por cada mujer, el 64,7% presento desnutrición
de 1° grado (10-25%), el 55,46% presentaron compromiso del estado nutricional, Existiendo
una fuerte relación entre las ERA y la alteración del estado nutricional, entre los menores de 5
años, atendidos en el hospital universitario en el año 2016, sustentado por la variación del
peso, en cada uno de los menores de 5 años.
The nutritional status of children is intrinsically related to growth and development in the different stages of life and should be evaluated comprehensively considering the harmonic growth in relation to nutrition, there are many causes that shaped directly and indirectly contribute to the existence of nutritional problems, among them, such as direct causes, an inadequate diet and the presence of infections that interfere with the proper use of nutrients, such as diseases of the respiratory tract which in infants is the first cause of morbidity, the objective of this study is to determine the relationship between acute respiratory disease and the nutritional status of children under 5 years attended at the hospital University in the period from January to December of the year 2016. through a methodological study of descriptive, retrospective, resulting in the presence of 238 patients with diagnosis of respiratory diseases such as bronchitis 28%, IRA-Sepsis 16%, affecting mainly children of age group 0 to 11 months with 53%, predominantly the male sex with a ratio of 1.60 men for every woman, 64.7 per cent present grade 1 malnutrition (10-25%), 55,46% showed commitment to the nutritional status, there is a strong relationship between the ERA and the alteration of the nutritional status among children under 5 years, treated at the University hospital in the year 2016, sustained by the weight variation, in each of the children under 5 years. Key words: been nutritional, respiratory diseases, children Association.
The nutritional status of children is intrinsically related to growth and development in the different stages of life and should be evaluated comprehensively considering the harmonic growth in relation to nutrition, there are many causes that shaped directly and indirectly contribute to the existence of nutritional problems, among them, such as direct causes, an inadequate diet and the presence of infections that interfere with the proper use of nutrients, such as diseases of the respiratory tract which in infants is the first cause of morbidity, the objective of this study is to determine the relationship between acute respiratory disease and the nutritional status of children under 5 years attended at the hospital University in the period from January to December of the year 2016. through a methodological study of descriptive, retrospective, resulting in the presence of 238 patients with diagnosis of respiratory diseases such as bronchitis 28%, IRA-Sepsis 16%, affecting mainly children of age group 0 to 11 months with 53%, predominantly the male sex with a ratio of 1.60 men for every woman, 64.7 per cent present grade 1 malnutrition (10-25%), 55,46% showed commitment to the nutritional status, there is a strong relationship between the ERA and the alteration of the nutritional status among children under 5 years, treated at the University hospital in the year 2016, sustained by the weight variation, in each of the children under 5 years. Key words: been nutritional, respiratory diseases, children Association.
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Palabras clave
Estado nutricional, Enfermedades respiratorias, Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Guayaquil, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador