Manejo de artritis post-chikungunya en adultos
Fecha
2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La Artritis post -chikungunya es una enfermedad crónica secuela de la infección aguda del virus chikungunya transmitida al ser humano por vectores como es el Aedes Aegypti y Aedes Albopictus mosquitos que se desarrollan en áreas tropicales y subtropicales de nuestro país como es la provincia de Santa Elena . El estudio se realizó con el objetivo de Analizar el manejo de la artritis post-chikungunya en adultos del Hospital Liborio Panchana 2015. La investigación es descriptiva, cuantitativa no experimental de tipo analítico y corte trasversal apoyada con soporte bibliográfico y de las historias clínicas de los pacientes que resultaron positivo para Chikungunya. A partir de esto se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados de los 91 casos sospechosos 27 pacientes se confirmaron como chikungunya, se han reportado más casos de chikungunya en mujeres con el 78% de la población confirmada. Del total de paciente enfermos con chikungunya, el 70,4% reporto la fase subaguda de la artritis post chikungunya, el 22,2% la fase aguda y tan solo el 7,4% con fase crónica de la artritis postchikungunya. Localización de las artritis en su mayoría fue en los tobillos con 21 casos, le sigue en muñeca con 15 casos, rodillas 8 casos y 2 de caderas. En cuanto al fármaco más utilizado es el Paracetamol junto con las sales de rehidratación se usaron en 22%, la hidratación con solución salina en 11%, diclofenaco en 7%, y el 2% paracetamol, suero oral, y loratadina Se concluye que es de gran importancia la implementación de un plan preventivo para evitar el desarrollo del vector como para el pronto diagnóstico y adecuado tratamiento de la artritis post-chikungunya.
Arthritis post-chikungunya is a chronic disease sequelae of acute infection of the chikungunya virus transmitted to humans by vectors such as Aedes Aegypti and Aedes Albopictus mosquitoes that develop in tropical and subtropical areas of our country as is the province of Santa Elena. The study was carried out with the aim of analyzing the management of post-chikungunya arthritis in adults at the Hospital Liborio Panchana 2015. The research is descriptive, quantitative non-experimental analytical type and cross-cut supported with bibliographic support and clinical histories of the patients who tested positive for Chikungunya. From this, the following results were obtained from the 91 suspected cases: 27 patients were confirmed as chikungunya; more cases of chikungunya have been reported in women with 78% of the confirmed population. Of the total patient ill with chikungunya, 70.4% reported subacute phase of post-chikungunya arthritis, 22.2% acute phase and only 7.4% with chronic phase of post-chikungunya arthritis. Location of the arthritis was mostly in the ankles with 21 cases, followed in wrist with 15 cases, knees 8 cases and 2 of hips. As for the most used drug is Paracetamol along with rehydration salts were used in 22%, hydration with saline solution in 11%, diclofenac in 7%, and 2% paracetamol, oral serum, and loratadine It is concluded that it is of great importance the implementation of a preventive plan to avoid the development of the vector as for the soon diagnosis and suitable treatment of post-chikungunya arthritis.
Arthritis post-chikungunya is a chronic disease sequelae of acute infection of the chikungunya virus transmitted to humans by vectors such as Aedes Aegypti and Aedes Albopictus mosquitoes that develop in tropical and subtropical areas of our country as is the province of Santa Elena. The study was carried out with the aim of analyzing the management of post-chikungunya arthritis in adults at the Hospital Liborio Panchana 2015. The research is descriptive, quantitative non-experimental analytical type and cross-cut supported with bibliographic support and clinical histories of the patients who tested positive for Chikungunya. From this, the following results were obtained from the 91 suspected cases: 27 patients were confirmed as chikungunya; more cases of chikungunya have been reported in women with 78% of the confirmed population. Of the total patient ill with chikungunya, 70.4% reported subacute phase of post-chikungunya arthritis, 22.2% acute phase and only 7.4% with chronic phase of post-chikungunya arthritis. Location of the arthritis was mostly in the ankles with 21 cases, followed in wrist with 15 cases, knees 8 cases and 2 of hips. As for the most used drug is Paracetamol along with rehydration salts were used in 22%, hydration with saline solution in 11%, diclofenac in 7%, and 2% paracetamol, oral serum, and loratadine It is concluded that it is of great importance the implementation of a preventive plan to avoid the development of the vector as for the soon diagnosis and suitable treatment of post-chikungunya arthritis.
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Virus Chikungunya, Artritis, Epidemiología analítica, Hospital General Dr. Liborio Panchana Sotomayor, Cantón Santa Elena, Ecuador, Adulto