Salud Bucal y Bullying en Niños de 6 A 9 Años
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2020-06
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
En el presente trabajo de investigación se analizó sobre el bullying relacionado con la salud bucal en niños de 6 a 9 años. Se determinó el porcentaje existente del bullying en un ámbito socioeconómico imparcial en dos escuelas una particular y otra fiscal. A través de la metodología descriptiva, cuantitativa aplicamos un instrumento de recolección de datos que se basó en historias clínicas, fotos y encuestas. Se logró determinar dentro las historias clínicas realizadas que el 86.49% de la escuela de educación básica Ejército Nacional no poseían una correcta salud bucal, se evidenció la falta de cultura preventiva que podríamos asociar al nivel socioeconómico de los casos analizados ya que dentro de la institución educativa particular Despertar, el índice de afectación o aparición de caries fue solo del 55.56%. Se analizó, que de los problemas de salud bucal el 67.18 % de la Escuela de educación básica fiscal Ejército Nacional fueron víctimas de bullying por parte de sus compañeros, mientras que en la institución educativa particular Despertar existió una tasa del 23.75%. Se constató que dentro los rangos de edades el 70% sufrieron afectación emocional y psicológica por el motivo de recambio de piezas dentales. Todos los niños encuestados presentaron recambio dental a partir de los 6 años y en un 70% fue el causante de ser sometidos a agresiones verbales, burlas, a un acoso escolar. Se determinó que en las familias donde existe mayor índice de pobreza, radica mayor afectación de salud bucal. Según las estadísticas establecidas se recomendó que dentro de las escuelas se realicen campañas preventivas en las que se involucren autoridades del plantel, y padres de familia con el objetivo de mejorar la higiene bucal, dar a conocer las etapas por las qué pasa un niño en su recambio dental y reducir la formación de caries. Que se considere la firma de convenios que involucren el compromiso de las instituciones del estado en pro de salvaguardar la salud e integridad de los niños
This study analyzes bullying in relation to oral health in children between 6 and 9 years of age. The percentage of bullying in an impartial socio-economic environment was determined in one private and one public school. The methodological design corresponds to a descriptive, quantitative study whose data collection instrument consisted of medical records, photos and surveys. It was possible to determine through the clinical records that 86.49% of the “Ejercito Nacional” public school did not have proper oral health. It is evident that the lack of preventive culture exists in the socioeconomic level of the cases analyzed in the “Despertar” private school in which the incidence of tooth decay was only 55.56%. It was analyzed that the 67.18% of the oral health problems of the “Ejercito Nacional” Public School were victims of bullying by classmates, in comparison to the private Institution ¨Despertar¨ which had a rate of 23.75%. It was found that within the observed age ranges 70% of the students suffered emotional and psychological consequences due to the replacement of dental pieces. All the participants reported dental replacement at the age of 6 and in 70% this was the cause of being subjected to verbal aggressions, teasing, bullying. It was determined that there is a correlation between living in poverty and having poor oral health. According to established statistics, it is recommended that preventive campaigns be carried out within schools that involve school authorities, and parents with the aim of improving oral hygiene, making known the stages of Dental replacement and reducing the cases of tooth decay. Signing of agreements along with the commitment of state institutions to safeguard the health and integrity of children ought to be considered.
This study analyzes bullying in relation to oral health in children between 6 and 9 years of age. The percentage of bullying in an impartial socio-economic environment was determined in one private and one public school. The methodological design corresponds to a descriptive, quantitative study whose data collection instrument consisted of medical records, photos and surveys. It was possible to determine through the clinical records that 86.49% of the “Ejercito Nacional” public school did not have proper oral health. It is evident that the lack of preventive culture exists in the socioeconomic level of the cases analyzed in the “Despertar” private school in which the incidence of tooth decay was only 55.56%. It was analyzed that the 67.18% of the oral health problems of the “Ejercito Nacional” Public School were victims of bullying by classmates, in comparison to the private Institution ¨Despertar¨ which had a rate of 23.75%. It was found that within the observed age ranges 70% of the students suffered emotional and psychological consequences due to the replacement of dental pieces. All the participants reported dental replacement at the age of 6 and in 70% this was the cause of being subjected to verbal aggressions, teasing, bullying. It was determined that there is a correlation between living in poverty and having poor oral health. According to established statistics, it is recommended that preventive campaigns be carried out within schools that involve school authorities, and parents with the aim of improving oral hygiene, making known the stages of Dental replacement and reducing the cases of tooth decay. Signing of agreements along with the commitment of state institutions to safeguard the health and integrity of children ought to be considered.
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SALUD BUCAL, AUTOESTIMA, SALUD MENTAL