recien nacidos con bajo peso, protocolo del manejo nutricional
Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como propósito de analizar el bajo peso al nacimiento, es un problema de salud pública mundial, que impacta sobre la mortalidad neonatal e infantil. Entre los múltiples factores asociados se han señalado características antropométricas, nutricionales, socioculturales y demográficas de la madre; los antecedentes obstétricos y condiciones patológicas que afectan la funcionalidad y suficiencia placentaria, así como las alteraciones propiamente fetales. Las repercusiones del bajo peso al nacimiento no se confinan sólo al periodo neonatal inmediato o al mediano plazo, ya que el retardo en el crecimiento y desarrollo puede continuar hasta la edad adulta, e incluso manifestarse sobre su descendencia. Junto con la prematuridad, el bajo peso al nacimiento es el factor predictivo, más fuertemente asociado a la mortalidad. En este grupo heterogéneo que comprende tanto a aquellos de término con bajo peso para la edad gestacional, aquellos con retardo del crecimiento intrauterino, a los prematuros, como a los productos de embarazos múltiples. Además por medio de un protocolo del manejo nutricional del embarazo, es una alternativa para mejorar la calidad de vida del beneficiario, fue una investigación descriptiva y cualitativa en el Hospital de Jipijapa con 150 pacientes. Metodología.- Es un estudio cualitativo y observación directa historias clínicas de gestantes de bajo riesgo con parto entre enero y diciembre del 2013 – 2014 – 2015, Se evaluó el estado nutricional de los recien nacidos con bajo de peso. En el recién nacido se valoró peso y talla al nacer. La significancia estadística se determinó cada uno de los indicadores. Objetivo:- Determinar a los recién nacidos con bajo peso, en Hospital Básico de Jipijapa en el año 2013 hasta el 2015, mediante un protocolo del manejo nutricional. Resultados.- Se observa mayor porcentaje en edades comprendidas entre 17 a 23 años de edad, menor de la mitad, mientras que < 17 años correspondió mayor de la cuarta parte; en tanto que la cuarta parte resultó en edades de 24 a 30 años. Los hijos de las madres con bajo peso tuvieron menor peso promedio.
This research aims to analyze the low birth weight, is a global public health problem, which impacts on neonatal and infant mortality. Among the many associated factors they have been identified anthropometric, nutritional, sociocultural and demographic characteristics of the mother; obstetric history and pathological conditions affecting the functionality and placental sufficiency, as well as proper fetal abnormalities. The impact of low birth weight are not confined only to the immediate neonatal period or the medium term, as the delay in growth and development can continue into adulthood, and even demonstrate on their offspring. Along with prematurity, low birth weight is the predictive factor most strongly associated with mortality. In this heterogeneous group comprising both those term with low birth weight for gestational age, those with intrauterine growth retardation, premature, and the products of multiple pregnancies. In addition through a protocol of nutritional management of pregnancy, is an alternative to improve the quality of life of the beneficiary, was a descriptive and qualitative research in Jipijapa Hospital with 70 patients. Metodología. - is a qualitative study and direct observation medical records of low risk pregnant women with childbirth between January and December 2013 - 2014 - 2015 gestational nutritional status in the underweight was evaluated. In the newborn weight and length at birth he was assessed. Statistical significance each of the indicators was determined. Objective: - Determine newborns with low weight, consultation and short list of Jipijapa Base Hospital in 2013 until 2015, through a protocol of nutritional management. Results.- highest percentage is observed in aged 17-23 years, with 45%, while <17 years accounted for 30%; while 25% was aged 24 to 30 years. The children of mothers with low birth weight had lower average weight.
This research aims to analyze the low birth weight, is a global public health problem, which impacts on neonatal and infant mortality. Among the many associated factors they have been identified anthropometric, nutritional, sociocultural and demographic characteristics of the mother; obstetric history and pathological conditions affecting the functionality and placental sufficiency, as well as proper fetal abnormalities. The impact of low birth weight are not confined only to the immediate neonatal period or the medium term, as the delay in growth and development can continue into adulthood, and even demonstrate on their offspring. Along with prematurity, low birth weight is the predictive factor most strongly associated with mortality. In this heterogeneous group comprising both those term with low birth weight for gestational age, those with intrauterine growth retardation, premature, and the products of multiple pregnancies. In addition through a protocol of nutritional management of pregnancy, is an alternative to improve the quality of life of the beneficiary, was a descriptive and qualitative research in Jipijapa Hospital with 70 patients. Metodología. - is a qualitative study and direct observation medical records of low risk pregnant women with childbirth between January and December 2013 - 2014 - 2015 gestational nutritional status in the underweight was evaluated. In the newborn weight and length at birth he was assessed. Statistical significance each of the indicators was determined. Objective: - Determine newborns with low weight, consultation and short list of Jipijapa Base Hospital in 2013 until 2015, through a protocol of nutritional management. Results.- highest percentage is observed in aged 17-23 years, with 45%, while <17 years accounted for 30%; while 25% was aged 24 to 30 years. The children of mothers with low birth weight had lower average weight.
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RECIEN NACIDO DE BAJO PESO, PROGRAMAS DE NUTRICION, PROTOCOLOS, HOSPITAL BASICO JIPIJAPA, CANTON JIPIJAPA, ECUADOR, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA