Factores que predisponen el uso de terapia combinada en el tratamiento de hipertensión arterial
Fecha
2023
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
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Introducción: La hipertensión arterial es una enfermedad crónica no trasmisible, progresiva, caracterizada por el aumento de la presión arterial. La elevación de la presión produce complicaciones cardiocirculatorias, cerebrovasculares, oculares y renales, que pueden provocar la muerte del paciente, por lo cual es indispensable iniciar con un tratamiento adecuado, valorando los factores de riesgo y los factores que predisponen el uso de cada
fármaco. Objetivo: Determinar los factores predisponentes del uso de terapia combinada antihipertensiva en pacientes adultos ambulatorios atendidos en el Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo de Guayaquil, en el año 2022. Metodología: Enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental, de corte transeccional, retrospectivo, observacional, analítico y correlacional, estudio de 120 pacientes con Hipertensión arterial atendidos en consulta externa de cardiología, que cumplieron con criterios de selección. Resultados: La prevalencia en relación con el sexo, nivel de instrucción y grupo etario demostró mayor incidencia de pacientes masculinos (53.3%), con instrucción primaria (46.7%), mayores de 65 años (53.3%). Los factores que inciden en el uso de terapia combinada prevalecen las complicaciones cardiocirculatorias (45%), las comorbilidades- Diabetes Mellitus II (78.3%) y el abandono del tratamiento previo (72.5%). Los niveles de cifras tensionales en pacientes con terapia combinada antihipertensiva son menores de PAS 140- PAD 90 (81.7%). Discusión y Conclusiones: En diferentes estudios realizados en Estados Unidos, Europa, América Latina y Ecuador, se demostró que la terapia combinada antihipertensiva evidencia una reducción paulatina de los niveles tensionales, y además evidencio factores que predisponen su uso, los cuales también se concluyeron en los resultados de este estudio.
Introduction: Arterial hypertension is a chronic, non-communicable, progressive disease characterized by increased blood pressure. Elevated pressure causes cardiocirculatory, cerebrovascular, ocular, and renal complications, which can cause the death of the patient, for which it is essential to start with an adequate treatment, assessing the risk factors and the factors that predispose the use of each drug. Objective: To determine the predisposing factors for the use of combined antihypertensive therapy in adult outpatients treated at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Specialty Hospital in Guayaquil, in the year 2022.Methodology: Quantitative approach, non-experimental design, cross-sectional, retrospective, observational, analytical, and correlational, study of 120 patients with arterial hypertension treated in an outpatient cardiology clinic, who met the selection criteria. Results: The prevalence in relation to sex, educational level and age group has a higher incidence of male patients (53.3%), with primary education (46.7%), older than 65 years (53.3%). The factors that affect the use of combination therapy prevail cardiocirculatory complications (45%), comorbidities-Diabetes Mellitus II (78.3%) and abandonment of previous treatment (72.5%). The levels of blood pressure figures in patients with combined antihypertensive therapy are less than PAS 140-PAD 90 (81.7%). Discussion and Conclusions: In different studies carried out in the United States, Europe, Latin America, and Ecuador, it was discovered that combined antihypertensive therapy shows a gradual reduction in blood pressure levels, and also evidenced factors that predispose its use, which were also concluded in the results of this study
Introduction: Arterial hypertension is a chronic, non-communicable, progressive disease characterized by increased blood pressure. Elevated pressure causes cardiocirculatory, cerebrovascular, ocular, and renal complications, which can cause the death of the patient, for which it is essential to start with an adequate treatment, assessing the risk factors and the factors that predispose the use of each drug. Objective: To determine the predisposing factors for the use of combined antihypertensive therapy in adult outpatients treated at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Specialty Hospital in Guayaquil, in the year 2022.Methodology: Quantitative approach, non-experimental design, cross-sectional, retrospective, observational, analytical, and correlational, study of 120 patients with arterial hypertension treated in an outpatient cardiology clinic, who met the selection criteria. Results: The prevalence in relation to sex, educational level and age group has a higher incidence of male patients (53.3%), with primary education (46.7%), older than 65 years (53.3%). The factors that affect the use of combination therapy prevail cardiocirculatory complications (45%), comorbidities-Diabetes Mellitus II (78.3%) and abandonment of previous treatment (72.5%). The levels of blood pressure figures in patients with combined antihypertensive therapy are less than PAS 140-PAD 90 (81.7%). Discussion and Conclusions: In different studies carried out in the United States, Europe, Latin America, and Ecuador, it was discovered that combined antihypertensive therapy shows a gradual reduction in blood pressure levels, and also evidenced factors that predispose its use, which were also concluded in the results of this study
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HIPERTENSION ARTERIAL, TERAPIA COMBINADA, CAUSALIDAD, ESTUDIOS RETROSPECTIVOS, EPIDEMIOLOGIA ANALITICA, HOSPITAL DE ESPECIALIDADES DR. TEODORO MALDONADO CARBO, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR