Incidencia de la morbimortalidad de la cirugía por cáncer de colon, recto y ano. Hospital Regional 2 del IESS Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo 2009-2010
Fecha
2011
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
El tratamiento quirúrgico de las patologías de colon, recto y ano se suele
relacionar frecuentemente con un morbimortalidad de un 15% a 20%. Si bien
esta cifra ha disminuido, el número aún es importante debido a que su
presencia es el resultado de varios factores, que también pueden provocar
que sean diferentes las expresiones de la frecuencia de este problema. Por
este motivo se realizó un estudio de tipo observacional descriptivo, de diseño
no experimental longitudinal retrospectivo en el hospital Regional 2 del IESS
“Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo” con el objetivo de establecer la incidencia de
morbimortalidad postquirúrgica en cirugía de colon, recto y ano en el Periodo
2009-2010se efectuó en 100 pacientes escogidos por aleatorización
sistemática, indicados para este tipo de intervención. La base de datos se
diseñó en una hoja de cálculo de Excel, para el análisis estadístico de los
resultados, se utilizaron porcentajes,tasas,frecuencias simples y /o
acumuladas, promedios y desviación estándar. Los resultados mostraron que
el 69% de los pacientes fueron de sexo femenino. El 32% de los casos entre 60
a 69 años. En el año 2010 se reportó el 71% de participantes de la
investigación debido a que se abrieron los quirófanos que estuvieron cerrados
debido a remodelación. No hubo comorbilidad en el 76% de los casos. El 76%
fue sometido a cirugía electiva. El 91% de estas intervenciones se efectuó por
cirugía a cielo abierto. El 54% de las lesiones neoplásicas se ubicaron en el
recto, generalmente en la porción inferior. La neoplasia de mayor frecuencia
fue el adenocarcinoma. La morbilidad relacionada con cirugía cáncer de
colon recto y ano fue del 16%. La más frecuente fue la infección del sitio
quirúrgico con el 50%. La mortalidad fue del 1%.
Surgical treatment of diseases of the colon, rectum and anus is often associated with morbidity and mortality often 15% to 20%. While this figure has declined, the number is still important because their presence is the result of several factors, which may also cause them to be different expressions of the frequency of this problem. For this reason a study was conducted observational descriptive longitudinal design nonexperimental retrospective in Teodoro Maldonado hospital in order to establish the incidence of postoperative morbidity and mortality in surgery of the colon, rectum and anus in the period 2009-2010se performed in 100 patients selected by systematic randomization, indicated for this type of intervention. The database was designed in an Excel spreadsheet for statistical analysis of the results, we used percentage, rate, frequency distributions and / or accumulated, averages and standard deviation. The results showed that 69% of patients were female. 32% of cases 60 to 69 years. In 2010 it was reported that 71% of research participants because the operating rooms were opened that were closed due to renovation. There was comorbidity in 76% of cases. 76% underwent elective surgery. 91% of these interventions was performed by open surgery. 54% of neoplastic lesions were located in the rectum, usually in the lower portion. The most frequent neoplasm was adenocarcinoma. The morbidity associated with cancer surgery colon rectum and anus was the most common skin infection of the surgical site with 50%. Mortality was 1%.
Surgical treatment of diseases of the colon, rectum and anus is often associated with morbidity and mortality often 15% to 20%. While this figure has declined, the number is still important because their presence is the result of several factors, which may also cause them to be different expressions of the frequency of this problem. For this reason a study was conducted observational descriptive longitudinal design nonexperimental retrospective in Teodoro Maldonado hospital in order to establish the incidence of postoperative morbidity and mortality in surgery of the colon, rectum and anus in the period 2009-2010se performed in 100 patients selected by systematic randomization, indicated for this type of intervention. The database was designed in an Excel spreadsheet for statistical analysis of the results, we used percentage, rate, frequency distributions and / or accumulated, averages and standard deviation. The results showed that 69% of patients were female. 32% of cases 60 to 69 years. In 2010 it was reported that 71% of research participants because the operating rooms were opened that were closed due to renovation. There was comorbidity in 76% of cases. 76% underwent elective surgery. 91% of these interventions was performed by open surgery. 54% of neoplastic lesions were located in the rectum, usually in the lower portion. The most frequent neoplasm was adenocarcinoma. The morbidity associated with cancer surgery colon rectum and anus was the most common skin infection of the surgical site with 50%. Mortality was 1%.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Indicadores de morbimortalidad, Cirugía, Periodo posoperatorio, Neoplasias del colon, Neoplasias del recto, Neoplasias del ano, Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Epidemiología descriptiva, Estudios retrospectivos