Balance de masa de fósforo en camaroneras y su impacto sobre los esteros
Fecha
2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil: Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo
Resumen
El presente trabajo se realizó en la camaronera de la Cooperativa de Producción Pesquera del sur COOPAS, ubicada en el Puerto Pitahaya, sitio La Cuca, cantón Arenillas, provincia de El Oro (3o26´53.47” S; 80o05´53.42” O). Constituida por cuatro bloques de piscinas, con un área total de 767,17 ha. Se estudió la variación de la concentración de fósforo durante un ciclo de cultivo, así como la de su afluente y efluente; además, se calculó el balance de masa de fósforo para determinar su asimilación. La concentración promedio del fósforo del afluente es de 0,5; mientras que la del efluente es 0,87 mg/l, estos valores resultan altos en relación a las normativas internacionales. La variación de la concentración de fósforo durante el cultivo llegó a un valor máximo promedio de 1,575 y mínimo de0,4875 El Porcentaje de asimilación de fósforo para el camarón fue de 10 %, cercano al 11 % reportado por salidas (2001). Además, se pudo determinar que los estanques asimilan el 56% de fósforo parecido a lo que encontró el autor antes indicado (51% y 61%). En este trabajo también se demostró que el 90% fósforo ingresado al sistema de cultivo lo aportó el balanceado. Lo que sugiere optimizar cada vez más las prácticas en la aplicación del alimento balanceado, con lo que se ayudará a reducir los costos al camaronero, y a evitar efluir nutrientes a los esteros, y consecuentemente contribuir a la sostenibilidad de la industria camaronera y al cuidado del medio ambiente.
The present work was carried out in the shrimp farm of the Cooperative of Fishing Production of southern COOPAS, located in Puerto Pitahaya, site La cuca, canton Arenillas, province of El Oro (3o26'53.47 "S, 80o05'53.42" W). Constituted by: Four block of swimming pools, with a total area of 767,17 ha. The variation of the phosphorus concentration during a crop cycle, as well as the dirt and the effluent was studied, in addition, the mass balance of phosphorus was calculated to determine its assimilation. The average concentration of the tributary is 0.5; while that of effluents is 0.87 mg / l, these values are high in relation to international standards. the variation of the concentration of phosphorus during the culture reached an average maximum value of 1.575 and a minimum of 0.4875 iv The percentage of phosphorus assimilation for shrimp was 10%, 11% reported by Saldias (2001). In addition, 56% of phosphorus was found similar to what the author found before (51% and 61%). In this work also the 90% of phosphorus entered in the system of culture for the balance is shown. This increasingly suggests the applications of balanced food, thereby helping to reduce costs to shrimp and avoid the nutrients efflux to the estuaries, and consequently contribute to the sustainability of the shrimp industry and the care of the environment No
The present work was carried out in the shrimp farm of the Cooperative of Fishing Production of southern COOPAS, located in Puerto Pitahaya, site La cuca, canton Arenillas, province of El Oro (3o26'53.47 "S, 80o05'53.42" W). Constituted by: Four block of swimming pools, with a total area of 767,17 ha. The variation of the phosphorus concentration during a crop cycle, as well as the dirt and the effluent was studied, in addition, the mass balance of phosphorus was calculated to determine its assimilation. The average concentration of the tributary is 0.5; while that of effluents is 0.87 mg / l, these values are high in relation to international standards. the variation of the concentration of phosphorus during the culture reached an average maximum value of 1.575 and a minimum of 0.4875 iv The percentage of phosphorus assimilation for shrimp was 10%, 11% reported by Saldias (2001). In addition, 56% of phosphorus was found similar to what the author found before (51% and 61%). In this work also the 90% of phosphorus entered in the system of culture for the balance is shown. This increasingly suggests the applications of balanced food, thereby helping to reduce costs to shrimp and avoid the nutrients efflux to the estuaries, and consequently contribute to the sustainability of the shrimp industry and the care of the environment No
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ACTIVIDAD CAMARONERA, MASA DE FÓSFORO, IMPACTO AMBIENTAL, EFLUENTE, ESTERO, EUTROFIZACION