Evaluaciones parasitarias en el cultivo de tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) en la granja río Taura del cantón Naranjal provincia del Guayas
Fecha
2011
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia
Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigación se trató el estudio de las enfermedades parasitarias
en el cultivo de tilapia oreochromis sp. en la granja río Taura del cantón naranjal,
provincia del guayas, en colaboración con técnicos de la granja .El desarrollo de una acuacultura sana requiere de mantener condiciones adecuadas de
recirculación de agua, temperatura y oxígeno, una alimentación que reúna los
requerimientos nutritivos de los organismos, en calidad y cantidad, densidades
adecuadas a la especie en cultivo y medidas profilácticas al final de cada ciclo de
producción. De esta forma, se establece que las enfermedades son una limitante en la producción. De esta forma, se establece que las enfermedades son una limitante en la producción piscícola, apareciendo a veces en forma esporádica o periódica, es decir, en cierta época del año. Por otra parte, pueden manifestarse en forma asintomática sin ocasionar daños visibles, o bien, desarrollar el cuadro clínico específico de una enfermedad afectando el pez, siguiendo un curso crónico, matando a los organismos Aunque la mortalidad sea a menudo el principal indicador de una enfermedad, esta va precedida de un cuadro clínico más o menos breve, cuya observación permite, según los casos, elegir una muestra, orientar el diagnóstico o asegurarlo según los medios de apreciación de los parámetros del medio ambiente y el conocimiento de los antecedentes patológicos de la explotación en la que se trabaje. Con los datos obtenidos y el análisis estadísticos de la presente investigación se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados: de los 200 casos observados 182 que represento un 91% salieron positivos para: Gyrodactylus 1’%, Trichodina 20%, odinium 38%, Metacercária 85%, sanguijuela 0,5%, acantocéfalos 9% mediante el método de diagnosticó en fresco, el análisis de sensibilidad determinó el análisis de sensibilidad determinó el 91%, lo que es un porcentaje altamente significativo. También se adjuntan datos de análisis físico químico del agua.
This research work try the study of parasitic diseases in the culture of tilapia in the genus oreochromis farm Taura River naranjal Canton, province of the Guayas, in collaboration with technicians from the farm. The development of a healthy aquaculture requires maintaining appropriate conditions for recirculation of water, temperature and oxygen, a diet that meets the nutritional requirements of agencies, in quality and quantity, densities appropriate to the species in cultivation and measures prophylactic at the end of each production cycle. In this way, establishing that diseases are a constraint on aquaculture production, sometimes appearing as sporadic or regular, i.e., at one time of the year. On the other hand, they may develop asymptomatic without visible damage, or develop specific clinical picture of disease affecting the fish, following a chronic course, killing organism shaped. Although mortality is often the main indicator of a disease, this is preceded by a more or less brief clinical picture, whose observation allows, as the case may be, choose a sample, orient the diagnosis or securing it according to the means of assessing of environmental parameters and the knowledge of the pathological background of the holding in which they work The following results were obtained with the data and the statistical analysis of the present research: 200 observed cases 182 I represent a 91% were positive for: Gyrodactylus 1' %, Trichodina 20%, Oodinium 38%, metacercária 85%, leech 0.5%, acanthocephala 2.5% by the method of diagnosis in fresco, sensitivity analysis determined the 91%, what is a highly significant percentage. Also attached physical chemical analysis of water data.
This research work try the study of parasitic diseases in the culture of tilapia in the genus oreochromis farm Taura River naranjal Canton, province of the Guayas, in collaboration with technicians from the farm. The development of a healthy aquaculture requires maintaining appropriate conditions for recirculation of water, temperature and oxygen, a diet that meets the nutritional requirements of agencies, in quality and quantity, densities appropriate to the species in cultivation and measures prophylactic at the end of each production cycle. In this way, establishing that diseases are a constraint on aquaculture production, sometimes appearing as sporadic or regular, i.e., at one time of the year. On the other hand, they may develop asymptomatic without visible damage, or develop specific clinical picture of disease affecting the fish, following a chronic course, killing organism shaped. Although mortality is often the main indicator of a disease, this is preceded by a more or less brief clinical picture, whose observation allows, as the case may be, choose a sample, orient the diagnosis or securing it according to the means of assessing of environmental parameters and the knowledge of the pathological background of the holding in which they work The following results were obtained with the data and the statistical analysis of the present research: 200 observed cases 182 I represent a 91% were positive for: Gyrodactylus 1' %, Trichodina 20%, Oodinium 38%, metacercária 85%, leech 0.5%, acanthocephala 2.5% by the method of diagnosis in fresco, sensitivity analysis determined the 91%, what is a highly significant percentage. Also attached physical chemical analysis of water data.
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Palabras clave
PARASITOS, TILAPIA, ACUICULTURA