Diseño de un protocolo de control para dar seguimiento a la evolución del cáncer pulmonar en pacientes con antecedentes de tabaquismo mediante la técnica de la tomografía, estudio a realizar con pacientes de entre 30 y 71 años de edad en el Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo (IESS) en el período del mes de julio 2012 y febrero 2013
Fecha
2013
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigación permite conocer sobre el diseño de un protocolo de control del cáncer pulmonar en pacientes con antecedentes de tabaquismo. El cáncer de pulmón es una enfermedad producida por la proliferación de células malignas, que crecen de manera anormal y descontrolada, invadiendo el propio pulmón y los tejidos cercanos a éste. En la aparición del cáncer pulmonar no interviene un factor único sino que influyen diversos factores como sustancias tóxicas. No obstante, el factor que más directamente se ha relacionado con el cáncer de pulmón, es el tabaco: el humo procedente del tabaco es uno de los principales agentes que intervienen en la génesis de cáncer de pulmón y es la primera causa evitable de éste. En el humo del tabaco se han encontrado varias sustancias carcinógenas. Estas sustancias se encuentran en el humo inhalado por el fumador .En el humo del tabaco existen 43 sustancias consideradas perjudiciales, una de las principales es el benzopireno que se encuentra en cantidad de 20-40 microgramos en cada cigarrillo y actúa de manera indirecta. Además la nicotina es capaz de inhibir a unos receptores que suprimen el crecimiento de los tumores con la ayuda de un protocolo de control tomografico podremos tener información muy relevante acerca del cáncer pulmonar su morfología origen tamaño y evolución esto ayudara a evaluar la cómo reacciona el tumor hacia el tratamiento. La metodología aplicada fue a favor de un proyecto factible con el apoyo bibliográfico documental, electrónico, con el apoyo de las investigaciones explicativas, descriptivas y experimentales. Se utilizo la técnica de la encuesta cuyo instrumento fue un cuestionario tipo LIKER.
The present research work allows to know about the design of a lung cancer control protocol in patients with a smoking history. Lung cancer is a disease caused by the proliferation of malignant cells, which grow abnormally and uncontrollably, invading the lung itself and the tissues close to it. There is no single factor involved in the appearance of lung cancer, but various factors such as toxic substances. However, the factor that has been most directly related to lung cancer is tobacco: smoke from tobacco is one of the main agents involved in the genesis of lung cancer and is the first avoidable cause of it. Several carcinogenic substances have been found in tobacco smoke. These substances are found in smoke inhaled by the smoker. In tobacco smoke there are 43 substances considered harmful, one of the main ones is benzopyrene that is in the amount of 20-40 micrograms in each cigarette and acts indirectly. In addition nicotine is able to inhibit receptors that suppress the growth of tumors with the help of a tomographic control protocol we can have very relevant information about lung cancer its morphology origin size and evolution this will help to evaluate how the tumor reacts towards the treatment. The methodology applied was in favor of a feasible project with documentary, electronic bibliographic support, with the support of explanatory, descriptive and experimental investigations. The survey technique was used, whose instrument was a LIKER type questionnaire.
The present research work allows to know about the design of a lung cancer control protocol in patients with a smoking history. Lung cancer is a disease caused by the proliferation of malignant cells, which grow abnormally and uncontrollably, invading the lung itself and the tissues close to it. There is no single factor involved in the appearance of lung cancer, but various factors such as toxic substances. However, the factor that has been most directly related to lung cancer is tobacco: smoke from tobacco is one of the main agents involved in the genesis of lung cancer and is the first avoidable cause of it. Several carcinogenic substances have been found in tobacco smoke. These substances are found in smoke inhaled by the smoker. In tobacco smoke there are 43 substances considered harmful, one of the main ones is benzopyrene that is in the amount of 20-40 micrograms in each cigarette and acts indirectly. In addition nicotine is able to inhibit receptors that suppress the growth of tumors with the help of a tomographic control protocol we can have very relevant information about lung cancer its morphology origin size and evolution this will help to evaluate how the tumor reacts towards the treatment. The methodology applied was in favor of a feasible project with documentary, electronic bibliographic support, with the support of explanatory, descriptive and experimental investigations. The survey technique was used, whose instrument was a LIKER type questionnaire.
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Neoplasias pulmonares, Tabaquismo, Protocolos, Tomografía computarizada por rayos x, Epidemiología descriptiva, Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador