Terapia visual con estereogramas a niños con insuficiencia de convergencia. Estudio realizado Hospital del Niño Dr. Francisco Icaza Bustamante
Fecha
2012
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
La insuficiencia de convergencia es la condición visual fisiológica que impide que ambos ojos proyecten una sola imagen en la retina, provocando una serie de síntomas, como diplopía, visión borrosa, dolor de la cabeza, dificultad para leer y concentrarse, sus causas pueden ser factores anatómicos, oculares, refractivos. Para corregir la insuficiencia de convergencia en niños, aplicamos terapias visuales con estereogramas los cuales fueron utilizados según el grado de visión binocular, que son visión percepción simultanea, fusión y estereopsis, siendo este último grado de visión el analizado en nuestro estudio, donde evaluamos la capacidad del paciente para observar una imagen en visión tridimensional. Las terapias visuales se aplicaron en dos fases, en el consultorio iniciando con la terapia monocular, biocular, binocular y en casa fueron reforzada con la técnica circula excéntricos. Los parámetros que se evaluaron fueron los puntos próximos de convergencia el cual es igual o menor a 6 cm y la capacidad de mantener la fusión es superior a 30 segundos. Los resultados obtenidos fueron clasificados según criterios de inclusión que comprenden edad y sexo, alcanzando 46% las edades 5 – 6 años, 34% las edades 7 – 8 años y 18% las edades 9 – 10 años, en sexo 66% en niñas y 44% en niños. Siendo de importancia los resultados de la aplicación de terapias visuales con estereogramas un 52.25% con mejoría y 46.84% no mejoría. Nuestras recomendaciones a laos padres, es motivar a los niños a continuar con sesiones de terapias visuales por un periodo de cuatro u ocho semanas según la necesidad de cada niño. Concluimos con satisfacción haber demostrado que la aplicación de terapias visuales con estereograma en niños con insuficiencia es eficaz para optimizar la visión binocular.
The insufficiency of convergence is the physiological visual condition that prevents both eyes from projecting a single image on the retina, causing a series of symptoms, such as diplopia, blurred vision, headache, difficulty reading and concentrating, its causes can be factors Anatomical, ocular, refractive. To correct the convergence insufficiency in children, we applied visual therapies with stereograms which were used according to the degree of binocular vision, which are simultaneous perception vision, fusion and stereopsis, the latter being the one analyzed in our study, where we evaluated the ability of the patient to observe an image in three-dimensional vision. The visual therapies were applied in two phases, in the office starting with the monocular, biocular, binocular therapy and at home they were reinforced with the eccentric circulating technique. The parameters that were evaluated were the next points of convergence which is equal to or less than 6 cm and the capacity to maintain the fusion is greater than 30 seconds. The results obtained were classified according to inclusion criteria that include age and sex, reaching 46% ages 5 - 6 years, 34% ages 7 - 8 years and 18% ages 9 - 10 years, in sex 66% in girls and 44% in children. Being of importance the results of the application of visual therapies with stereograms a 52.25% with improvement and 46.84% no improvement. Our recommendations to the parents, is to motivate the children to continue with sessions of visual therapies for a period of four or eight weeks according to the needs of each child. We conclude with satisfaction to have demonstrated that the application of visual therapies with stereogram in children with insufficiency is effective to optimize the binocular vision.
The insufficiency of convergence is the physiological visual condition that prevents both eyes from projecting a single image on the retina, causing a series of symptoms, such as diplopia, blurred vision, headache, difficulty reading and concentrating, its causes can be factors Anatomical, ocular, refractive. To correct the convergence insufficiency in children, we applied visual therapies with stereograms which were used according to the degree of binocular vision, which are simultaneous perception vision, fusion and stereopsis, the latter being the one analyzed in our study, where we evaluated the ability of the patient to observe an image in three-dimensional vision. The visual therapies were applied in two phases, in the office starting with the monocular, biocular, binocular therapy and at home they were reinforced with the eccentric circulating technique. The parameters that were evaluated were the next points of convergence which is equal to or less than 6 cm and the capacity to maintain the fusion is greater than 30 seconds. The results obtained were classified according to inclusion criteria that include age and sex, reaching 46% ages 5 - 6 years, 34% ages 7 - 8 years and 18% ages 9 - 10 years, in sex 66% in girls and 44% in children. Being of importance the results of the application of visual therapies with stereograms a 52.25% with improvement and 46.84% no improvement. Our recommendations to the parents, is to motivate the children to continue with sessions of visual therapies for a period of four or eight weeks according to the needs of each child. We conclude with satisfaction to have demonstrated that the application of visual therapies with stereogram in children with insufficiency is effective to optimize the binocular vision.
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Pediatría, Insuficiencia de convergencia, Terapia visual, Estereogramas, Hospital del Niño Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador