Apendicitis aguda, perfil epidemiológico en el Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil período 2013 - 2014
Fecha
2015
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
Introducción: La apendicitis aguda constituye la urgencia más frecuente en cirugía general, y su pronóstico es más favorable cuando se interviene precozmente. El diagnóstico de la apendicitis puede ser bastante esquivo, y es muy importante sospechar siempre esta posibilidad para poder prevenir las graves complicaciones. Su diagnóstico se basa en la clínica y en la experiencia del examinador. La apendicitis perforada es la principal causa general de muerte.
Objetivo: Analizar y determinar el número de ingresos hospitalarios en el Hospital Universitario por Apendicitis Aguda en el periodo 2013 al 2014 mediante la recopilación de datos para el análisis estadístico que demuestren que esta patología es muy frecuente en nuestro medio, para poder contribuir con información a la Universidad de Guayaquil y al Sistema de Salud del Ecuador.
Material y método: Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo y de observación indirecta; en el cual se analizaron las historias clínicas de todos los pacientes con diagnóstico de Apendicitis Aguda, se recabaron variables de importancia epidemiológica como edad, sexo, procedencia, entre otras; una vez obtenida la información se realizó el análisis de los resultados mediante la elaboración de cuadros estadísticos, y gráficos, para lo cual se utilizó el programa Excel 2010.
Resultados: Hubo 754 pacientes de los cuales se tomó 566, siendo mayor el número de varones; no se pudo establecer diferencia entre edades pediátricas y adultos, la procedencia fue mayor de la zona urbano-marginal. La principal complicación fue la Apendicitis Aguda con Peritonitis Generalizada lo que implico mayores días de hospitalización. El dolor atípico se presentó con mayor frecuencia en mayores de 50 años. Este estudio nos permite tener una idea del número de casos de Apendicitis Aguda en nuestro país.
Conclusiones: La Apendicitis Aguda sigue siendo la patología quirúrgica más frecuente.
Palabras claves: Apendicitis Aguda, Perfil Epidemiólogo, Incidencia, Complicaciones
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Introduction: Acute appendicitis is the most common emergency general surgery and the prognosis is more favorable when intervening early. The diagnosis of appendicitis can be quite elusive and it is very important to always suspect this possibility to prevent serious complications. Diagnosis is based on clinical experience and examination. Perforated appendicitis is the leading cause of death overall. Objective: Analyze and determine the number of hospital admissions in the University's Hospital for acute appendicitis in the period 2013-2014 by collecting data from statistical analysis demonstrating that this condition is very common in our environment, to contribute information to the Guayaquil's University and Ecuador's Health System. Methods: Retrospective, descriptive and observations in a indirect study in which the medical records of all patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis. Epidemiologically important variables such as age, sex, origin were collected, among others. Afterward the analysis of the results was performed by developing statistical tables and graphs with the software Excel 2010. Results: There were 754 patients who took 566, with a higher number of men; could not be established difference between pediatric and adult ages, the origin of the urban fringe area. The main complications were acute appendicitis with generalized peritonitis implying increased hospital days. The atypical pain occurred more frequently in patients over 50 years. This study gives us an idea of the number of cases of Acute Appendicitis in our country.
Introduction: Acute appendicitis is the most common emergency general surgery and the prognosis is more favorable when intervening early. The diagnosis of appendicitis can be quite elusive and it is very important to always suspect this possibility to prevent serious complications. Diagnosis is based on clinical experience and examination. Perforated appendicitis is the leading cause of death overall. Objective: Analyze and determine the number of hospital admissions in the University's Hospital for acute appendicitis in the period 2013-2014 by collecting data from statistical analysis demonstrating that this condition is very common in our environment, to contribute information to the Guayaquil's University and Ecuador's Health System. Methods: Retrospective, descriptive and observations in a indirect study in which the medical records of all patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis. Epidemiologically important variables such as age, sex, origin were collected, among others. Afterward the analysis of the results was performed by developing statistical tables and graphs with the software Excel 2010. Results: There were 754 patients who took 566, with a higher number of men; could not be established difference between pediatric and adult ages, the origin of the urban fringe area. The main complications were acute appendicitis with generalized peritonitis implying increased hospital days. The atypical pain occurred more frequently in patients over 50 years. This study gives us an idea of the number of cases of Acute Appendicitis in our country.
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Apendicitis, Epidemiología descriptiva, Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Perfil de salud